A Detailed Guide to Hot Pepper Planting Techniques and Management Methods
The soil should maintain normal irrigation and drainage and sufficient fertility. Before planting, do a good job of soil baking, splash on human and livestock manure water, then cover with film; sowing is generally carried out in early spring. After the pepper seeds successfully emerge, uncover the film and do a good job of watering. When the soil temperature stabilizes above 16°C, they can be planted at the right time, and the planting density should be well controlled.
1. Land preparation and fertilization
Peppers require crop rotation, and the previous soil should not be potatoes, tomatoes or other crops of the same family. The soil should maintain normal irrigation and drainage and sufficient fertility. Deep plow the soil to improve its structure, preferably in winter, as this can destroy the overwintering sites of pathogens and pests and reduce the incidence of pests and diseases. It can also improve soil permeability and promote the absorption of nutrients and water. Reduce the phenomenon of pepper flower and leaf drop, then make beds and apply fertilizer. The base fertilizer should mainly be decomposed farmyard manure, with compound fertilizer as the main type, to provide sufficient nutrition for pepper growth.
2. Propagation methods
The seedling bed for peppers should be chosen in a ventilated, sunny place with sufficient water sources. Then do a good job of soil baking, splash on human and livestock manure water, and cover with film to improve water and fertilizer retention capacity. Pepper seeds have relatively strong germination ability, so in general they do not need to be pre-germinated. Choose the sowing time according to the variety, generally sowing in early spring. After sowing, cover with a layer of fine soil, just enough that the seeds are not visible. Then water thoroughly, and after the water has completely penetrated, cover with plastic film; if conditions permit, build a small arch shed to prevent the peppers from being damaged by wind.
3. Seedling stage management
After the pepper seeds successfully emerge, uncover the film to prevent the seedlings from becoming leggy. However, after the sun gradually sets in the afternoon, the plastic film should still be put back. On rainy days, also do a good job of ventilation as much as possible. If the soil is dry and turns white, water it in time. Do not choose noon for watering, to prevent the formation of a high-temperature, high-humidity environment. After watering, pay attention to whether the amount of water is sufficient; if there is still a shortage of water, then replenish watering in time. When the temperature is too low, do not water, to prevent cold damage. When the seedlings produce two true leaves, carry out pricking out, control the plant and row spacing well, and do a good job of watering.
4. Planting management
When the soil temperature stabilizes above 16°C, they can be planted at the right time, and the planting density should be well controlled; it should not be done on cloudy and rainy days. After planting, carry out one intertillage, and after entering the growth period, do it appropriately according to the actual situation. Then on sunny days, do a good job of topdressing, paying attention to the amount, to prevent insufficient nutrition or excessive vegetative growth that delays the flowering and fruiting period. Especially during the fruit-setting and harvesting periods, there should be sufficient fertilizer and water to ensure normal flowering and fruiting of the peppers. Finally, we should pay attention to observing the weather and control the amount and timing of watering according to weather changes. It should not be done during high-temperature periods; it is best to water in the morning and evening.