Detailed Explanation of Greenhouse Edamame Planting Techniques and Management Points
Before planting, first prepare the land and apply fertilizer, dig trenches and make beds. Then sow a local-adapted variety at the right time, cover with soil after sowing, and spray chemicals for weed control. Then control the temperature inside the greenhouse well and pay attention to ventilation. During the edamame flowering stage, apply foliar fertilizer as a top dressing, and during the pod-setting stage after flower drop, water on urea diluted with water. Finally, do a good job of pest and disease control.
Greenhouse edamame planting management:
1. Temperature management
In the early stage, the main focus is on freeze protection and warmth retention, and in the later stage, ventilation is strengthened. It is required to close the greenhouse 1 week before direct sowing, and immediately cover with plastic film or add arched greenhouse film after sowing. After emergence, pay attention to choosing sunny days to break the film and release the seedlings in time. Before emergence, the suitable temperature inside the greenhouse is 15-25°C; during the growth period, the suitable temperature is 20-25°C; during the flowering period, the suitable temperature is 20-28°C. Therefore, the greenhouse should be closed in time for warmth retention or ventilated according to the growth characteristics of each period.
2. Fertilizer and water management
Generally, fertilization is not suitable during the seedling stage. If the leaves wrinkle due to low temperature, 50 grams of Huangyedi micro-fertilizer can be mixed with 30-45 kg of water per mu and sprayed once at noon on a sunny day. During the flowering period, use a 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution for foliar top dressing. The spraying time should be before 10 a.m. or after 4 p.m., preferably on cloudy days. Spray again after 7-10 days, and if rain occurs after spraying, spray once more. In addition, during the pod-setting stage after flower drop, apply 10 kg of urea mixed with water per mu.
In terms of water management, it is not suitable to water after sowing before the seedlings emerge; if the seedling stage is too dry, a moderate amount of water can be applied to promote root development. For water management during the dry-flower and pod-setting stage, the principle of "dry flowers, wet pods" should be adopted.
3. Pest and disease control
Because greenhouse edamame experiences low temperature and high humidity inside the greenhouse during the seedling stage, combined with the application of undecomposed farmyard manure, it is very easy to cause damping-off and seedling death. Therefore, during the seedling stage, 200 grams of chlorothalonil smoke agent can be selected per mu inside the greenhouse for chemical control, and water-based pesticide preparations should be used as little as possible. When edamame has 4 leaves, chlorothalonil, carbendazim, and other agents can be sprayed for control. Spray once every 1 week, for a total of 2 sprays.
Generally, greenhouse-planted edamame enters the harvest period in April-May and can be harvested in batches. After harvesting, bring it to market early to obtain higher returns.