What Types of Biofertilizers Are There? A Detailed Introduction to Common Types
It is well known that biofertilizers, like chemical fertilizers and organic fertilizers, are an important source of nutrients in agricultural production. But judging from current trends, biofertilizers are pollution-free and do not contaminate the environment, which better fits the development of green agriculture advocated in modern times. Below, the editor introduces five common types of biofertilizers.
1. Rhizobium fertilizer
Used on legume crops, generally for seed dressing. Use 30-40 grams per 667 sq m, add an appropriate amount of water, mix evenly and let it adhere to the seeds. It must be sown immediately after mixing; avoid drying and direct sunlight. If more than 48 hours pass, the seeds should be dressed again. If poor nodulation is found after the crop emerges, rhizobium fertilizer diluted with water can be poured around the seedlings. If seeds disinfected with pesticides are used, they should be disinfected 2-3 weeks before rhizobium dressing.
2. Azotobacter inoculant
It can be applied to various crops other than legumes, such as wheat, corn, vegetables, etc. It can be used as a base fertilizer, topdressing, or for root dipping and seed dressing. It cannot be used at the same time as strongly acidic, strongly alkaline, or sterilizing pesticides and fertilizers. It also cannot be applied at the same time as large amounts of nitrogen fertilizer; at least 10 days should be left between them. However, mixing it with organic fertilizer and phosphorus-potassium fertilizer helps promote the activity of azotobacter. The dosage is 0.5-1 kg per 667 sq m. First moisten the crop seeds with clean water, sprinkle on the inoculant and mix well. It is best to first prepare a nutrient solution with bran, crushed corn and phosphate fertilizer, then pour in the seeds and mix well. For topdressing, it can be mixed with soil manure and applied in furrows or holes near the plants.
3. Antibiotic inoculant
It can reduce seed rot and root rot in crops, increase the emergence rate, promote growth, and encourage early maturity. It also has a certain inhibitory effect on some soil-dwelling pests. For wheat and beans, bacterial powder can be used for seed dressing. First spray the seeds with water, use 30-50 grams of bacterial powder per 667 sq m, and mix well. Alternatively, 5-10 parts of bacterial powder can be mixed into a cake-soil fertilizer powder made of 10 parts cake powder and 100-300 parts fertile soil. Used as base fertilizer or topdressing at 100-250 kg per 667 sq m, it works well as a seed fertilizer when mixed with superphosphate. It can be mixed with insecticides, but not with fungicides. Ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate and ammonium bicarbonate have an inhibitory effect on it, so antibiotic bacterial fertilizer can only be used more than 10 days after their application.
4. Phosphate-solubilizing bacterial inoculant
It can generally be divided into two types: one is organic phosphorus bacteria, which use enzymes produced during bacterial life activities to convert difficult-to-use organic phosphorus into forms that plants can utilize; the other is inorganic phosphorus bacteria, which strengthen the dissolution of insoluble phosphates in the soil through the acid they produce. It can be used as a base fertilizer or mixed with azotobacter inoculant and antibiotic inoculant, giving the best fertilizer effect.
5. Potassium bacterial inoculant
Crops such as wheat, corn and vegetables can all be given potassium bacterial inoculant, and its range of application is relatively wide. Used as base fertilizer, 25 kg per 667 sq m; used for seed dressing, 5 kg per 667 sq m, mixed with dry fine soil and adjusted into a thin paste for seed dressing; used as topdressing, mix 20 kg of bacterial fertilizer with 2500 kg of pig manure and apply in strips or holes in the sowing furrow. After application, soil should be covered immediately to keep it dark and moist. Combine with other cultivation measures, such as timely irrigation and drainage, and intertillage loosening of the soil.
Biofertilizers are a type of live bacterial product, and their effectiveness is directly related to how they are used. You can refer to the above content when applying them.
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