Detailed Explanation of Greenhouse Sugarcane Planting Techniques and Management Methods
Everyone knows that sugarcane is a crop grown in open fields, and that it can bring good economic benefits. In fact, it can be grown not only in open fields, but also in greenhouses. Below, the editor will give you a detailed introduction to greenhouse sugarcane planting techniques.
1. Site selection and greenhouse construction
The greenhouse for planting sugarcane needs to be built on a piece of deep, loose, and fertile land to fully meet the needs of its root system growth, so that the roots can better play their role in absorbing water and nutrients. At the same time, land preparation can also reduce diseases, insects, and weeds in the sugarcane field.
2. Land preparation and fertilization
Deep plowing is the foundation for increasing yield. Sugarcane has a well-developed root system, and deep plowing is beneficial to root development, making the aboveground part grow quickly and yields high. Deep plowing is a general principle and requirement. The specific depth of deep plowing must be adapted to local conditions, depending on the depth of the original plow layer and soil properties, generally about 30 cm. Fertilizers are mainly organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium chemical fertilizers, and a small amount of nitrogen chemical fertilizer. Phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer are mainly applied as base fertilizer, because sugarcane's absorption of phosphorus fertilizer is mainly in the early and middle stages. Then open planting furrows for seedlings, and the planting row spacing requirement is 90-100 cm.
3. Field management
1. Remove film and fill gaps with seedlings
Sugarcane fields covered with film should have the film removed as soon as possible to check the seedlings. For newly planted sugarcane, when missing seedlings and broken rows reach 30 cm, seedlings should be replanted in time on rainy days in combination with thinning, and the best leaf age for replanting seedlings is 2-3 leaves.
2. Topdressing and earthing up
Sugarcane tillering is a period of massive root growth, leaf growth, and tillering, requiring more nutrients. Early fertilization at this time can promote the growth of tillering seedlings to be thick and strong, catch up with the main seedlings, and increase the number of effective stalks. Before mid-May, after rain, apply tillering fertilizer in furrows combined with small earthing up. The fertilization rate is 100 kg/mu of 30% sugarcane special compound fertilizer (or 25 kg urea + 20-25 kg potassium chloride), and earth up 8-10 cm to protect and promote tillering. If the number of seedlings is sufficient, the thickness can be appropriately increased. In mid-to-late June, apply stem-promoting fertilizer combined with large earthing up, applying 25-30 kg urea per mu, with an earthing thickness of 20-30 cm, to control tillering. For sugarcane fields with weaker growth, micro-fertilizers can also be sprayed.
3. Thinning and final singling
After sugarcane tillering, there will be too many seedlings, which not only consumes nutrients, but also causes sugarcane seedlings to be slender and spindly, making it difficult to form stalks and making them prone to pests and diseases. Therefore, for those with too many seedlings, thinning should be done in time, and final singling should be based on a standard of about 15%-20% more than the target number of effective stalks, that is, 8-10 sugarcane seedlings per meter is sufficient. The time for tillering and final singling is generally during tillering; keep tillering seedlings at low node positions, remove weak and small tillering seedlings, and keep thick and strong tillering seedlings.
4. Prevention and control of pests, diseases, and weeds
The main pests include sugarcane borers, sugarcane beetles, thrips, and sugarcane aphids. Diseases include smut and top rot.
In fact, growing sugarcane in greenhouses is relatively simple, except that the sugarcane growth cycle is a bit long, and we can observe the sugarcane growth situation in real time.