Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for Growing Peach Trees in Greenhouses

In recent years, because the cultivation technique is simple, labor-saving and efficient, growing peach trees in greenhouses has become the first choice for many farmers. Below, the editor will explain the techniques for growing peach trees in greenhouses.

1. Choose a suitable greenhouse

The facility for greenhouse cultivation of peach trees usually uses a plastic-film solar greenhouse, also called a plastic greenhouse. According to the size of the tree body and the expected early or late time for the fruit to reach the market, choose different plastic greenhouses. If you want the fruit to mature and reach the market at the end of March and the beginning of April, you should use a winter-warm plastic greenhouse.

2. Choose suitable peach varieties

The selected variety must have a low chilling requirement, that is, the cumulative low-temperature time needed to satisfy natural dormancy is short, with cumulative low-temperature time below 7.2 degrees Celsius less than 850 hours. In addition, greenhouse cultivation should, as far as possible, choose varieties that are self-pollinating, have a high fruit-setting rate, large fruit, good color, excellent quality and relatively good tolerance for transport.

3. Greenhouse covering management

Greenhouse cultivation of peach trees requires large capital investment, so it is necessary to make full use of the characteristics of young peach trees, such as fast growth and early fruiting, and strengthen management to achieve planting in the same year, flower formation in the same year, greenhouse covering in the same year, and fruit returns in the spring of the second year.

1. Strengthen young tree management: after planting, cut the trunk at 30-40 cm. Generally, keep 2 main branches per plant. When the new shoots grow to 30 cm, pinch the tips to promote secondary shoots and increase the nutritional area.

2. Pinching: repeatedly pinch the tips of new shoots in other parts and promptly thin out overly dense and upright-growing new shoots. For new shoots with good angles, bend the branches and keep them as auxiliary nutrient branches. Two-year-old seedlings can also be planted directly.

3. Fertilization: starting from the end of April and the beginning of May, apply fertilizer three times in succession every 15-20 days, with urea 8 kg/mu and monopotassium phosphate 5 kg/mu. After fertilization, water and hoe the soil to increase temperature.

4. Greenhouse covering time: when to cover the greenhouse to raise the temperature depends on whether the natural dormancy of the cultivated variety has already been completed. Generally, varieties with low chilling requirements are covered earlier, and vice versa. The earlier the covering, the earlier the maturity.

In order to ensure sufficient and complete natural dormancy, covering the greenhouse in early to mid-December is relatively safe.

4. Pest and disease control

The main pests and diseases of greenhouse peach trees include aphids, gray mold, bacterial shot hole disease, etc.

5. Management after removing the greenhouse covering

After the fruit is harvested and the greenhouse covering is removed, thin out overly dense branches among the vigorously growing overlapping new shoots, upright new shoots and crossing new shoots.

Growing peach trees in greenhouses must be based on the principles of adapting measures to local conditions and scientific management in order to obtain high yields.