Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for Greenhouse Mushroom Cultivation
With the development of agricultural technology, most artificially cultivated mushrooms are grown in greenhouses, which can yield greater economic value compared to indoor cultivation. Below, let us discuss greenhouse mushroom cultivation techniques together.
1. Mushroom house preparation
The mushroom house is generally chosen on higher ground, and the greenhouse should be made of diffused-light material. The floor needs to be finished with cement so it is easy to wash. Mushroom beds should be set up inside the mushroom house; they can be made of wood, iron, or brick. Finally, windows or roller blinds should be left in place to enhance ventilation.
2. Compost preparation
The formulation of the compost for mushroom cultivation is also a very important step. The main ingredients of the compost are livestock manure, wheat straw, bran, rice straw, corn stalks, and so on. Compost preparation generally begins in July. We need to sun-dry the manure, cut the other materials into pieces, then mix in an appropriate amount of gypsum, soak it thoroughly with water or urine, and pile it up in alternating layers of straw and manure for fermentation. Generally, the pile needs to be turned once every three or four days, and after about half a month it is more or less ready.
3. Disinfection and sterilization
After the compost is prepared, we need to carry out a thorough disinfection and sterilization of the mushroom house, then move the compost into the mushroom house, spread it evenly on the mushroom beds, close the doors and windows of the mushroom house, and raise the indoor temperature to around 60 degrees. After three hours, lower the temperature to around 50 degrees and maintain this temperature for one week so the compost ferments completely. During this fermentation process, the compost can also be disinfected and sterilized, so that only beneficial microorganisms remain in the compost, which is greatly beneficial to mushroom growth.
4. Inoculation and casing soil
When the temperature of the compost drops to around 25 degrees, mushroom inoculation can be carried out. Level the compost on the mushroom beds, with the compost on each bed reaching a thickness of about 15 cm. Use the hole-broadcast method for inoculation, with a spacing of about 10 cm between each spot. If you want to increase the spawn-running speed, you can sow as densely as possible. After inoculation, the moisture of the compost must be maintained, and the ventilation of the mushroom house must be increased. Finally, evenly cover the compost with fine fertile soil, and then wait for the spawn to run.
5. Fruiting management
Fruiting management is the most critical step in mushroom cultivation, and the most important parts are water management and temperature management. We must maintain the moisture of the compost. In the early fruiting stage, the humidity is generally around 70 percent, and later it gradually returns to around 80 to 90 percent. Watering should follow the principle of small amounts and frequent watering. The temperature of the fruiting house during the spawn-running period is best kept at around 10 to 18 degrees, and during the fruiting period the temperature should be raised to around 20 to 28 degrees, which can speed up fruiting. When the mushrooms grow to a certain size, they can be harvested.
At present, the prospects for greenhouse mushroom cultivation are still considerable. Everyone can carry out cultivation according to the methods above.