How to cultivate rice seedlings? Detailed explanation of methods and technical key points
Besides selecting high-quality varieties of rice, seedling cultivation is also very important. If the seedlings grow healthily and vigorously, the survival rate is relatively high, and the yield will also be greatly increased. So how are rice seedlings cultivated?
1. Selection of seedling field
The field used for planting rice should be relatively fertile and free of saline-alkali soil, and it must be very convenient for irrigation and drainage.
2. Fertilization of seedling field
Whether the field used for planting rice has good fertility will determine whether the cultivated rice seedlings are strong or not. In the field used for planting rice, about 6 cubic meters of farmyard manure per 1 mu, as well as 51 kg of cake fertilizer, should be used for plowing the field. Generally, about 4 days before sowing, each 1 mu of seedbed should use 16 kg to 21 kg of monoammonium, 31 kg to 41 kg of ammonium sulfate, 16 kg to 21 kg of potassium sulfate, and 3 kg of zinc sulfate. Then use a fine harrow to mix the fertilizer and soil evenly, and after leveling, wait for sowing.
3. Seed soaking and disinfection
In order to increase the germination rate of rice seeds, usually before sowing, the seeds are sun-dried for about 3 days, and then muddy water is used for seed selection to pick out the relatively plump seeds. Such seeds germinate very vigorously. Usually there are some bacteria on the surface of the seeds, so before sowing, it is best to disinfect them. Generally, 6 grams of eddi is used, and 5.1 jin of water is added, after which 3.1 kg of seeds are placed in it and soaked for about 4 days; 26 percent prochloraz 4010-fold solution can also be used; 81 percent 402 fungicide 2010—3010-fold solution can also be used; and 11 percent seed-soaking agent 4010-fold solution can also be used to soak the seeds for about 4 days. In this way, the pathogens on the seed surface will be killed.
4. Sowing
If the sowing time is too early, the seedling age will easily become old, and then tillering will be relatively slow and few; if the sowing time is too late, the seedlings grown will be relatively tender and weak, and greening will be relatively slow. Generally, sowing from May 6—11 is the best time, with a seedling age of 36—41 days. For high-quality seeds, 2.6 kg can be sown per 1 mu. For ordinary seeds, most use 3.6 kg.
5. Watering
Before three leaves have grown, it is basically necessary to keep them growing in dry conditions, which is beneficial to root growth. After three leaves have grown, if there is a lack of nutrients, damping-off disease is likely to occur. Therefore, when two leaves and one heart have grown, weaning fertilizer should be applied. Per 1 mu, Beifen Zhi 46 formula fertilizer can be used, and 3.1 kg to 5.1 kg of urea can also be used, and watering should be carried out once, but the amount of water should be a little less; when three leaves and one heart have grown, fertilizer to promote tillering should be applied. Per 1 mu, 10.1 kg of urea can be used, and 13 kg to 16 kg of formula fertilizer can also be used. At this time, water should also be given lightly once, which can make the seedlings tiller better.
Rice seedling cultivation is very important and should not be underestimated. If the cultivated seedlings are relatively thin and weak, later growth may also be affected to a certain extent. The cultivation of seedlings requires extra attention from rice farmers.