Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for Oyster Mushroom Cultivation on Sterilized Substrate

Sterilized substrate cultivation refers to a cultivation method in which the substrate is prepared, then subjected to high-temperature sterilization, followed by spawning and mycelial colonization. So, how do you carry out oyster mushroom cultivation on sterilized substrate? Below is an introduction tooyster mushroom cultivation techniques on sterilized substrate.

1. Building the mushroom house

An existing empty room, basement, or similar space can be converted into a mushroom house, or a new mushroom house can be built. The mushroom house must be disinfected before use to reduce contamination by weed molds and the occurrence of pests.

2. Preparing the substrate

You can choose any one of sawdust, cottonseed hulls, waste cotton, rice straw, sugarcane bagasse, corncobs, corn stalks, peanut shells, bean stalk powder, etc. as the raw material, then add appropriate amounts of auxiliary materials such as wheat bran, rice bran, gypsum, and superphosphate. Prepare 85 kg of corncobs, 10 kg of wheat bran, 5 kg of cornmeal, 5-6 bags of Gudazhuang, 1 kg of compound fertilizer, 3 kg of lime, and 0.2% carbendazim.

3. Mixing the substrate and bagging

Mix the substrate with clean water, then pile it and let it sit covered for 12-18 hours, which allows the substrate to mature. After mixing, ferment it for several more days, then sterilize at high temperature. Then bag it; when bagging by hand, press with your fingers as you fill, pressing firmly around the sides of the bag, pressing slightly in the center, firm around the sides and loose in the center, firm at both ends and loose in the middle. After bagging, place the bags on the rack inside the pot for sterilization at 100°C for 8-10 hours. When the temperature drops to 80°C, remove them and move them into the mushroom house.

4. Inoculation with spawn

Wait until the temperature inside the bagged substrate drops to 30°C before inoculating. Before inoculation, first disinfect your hands, the inoculation tools, the plastic bags, and the mushroom house. During inoculation, one person opens the bag opening while another quickly scoops out the spawn and puts it into the bag; after inoculating, tie the bag opening tightly, then inoculate the other end. After inoculation is complete, roll the cultivation bags once over lime powder so that the lime powder fills the small holes in the bags and prevents contamination by weed molds.

5. Mushroom house management

Two days after spawning, keep the substrate temperature below 30°C and the room temperature below 15°C. After 10 days, when the mycelium has covered the surface of the substrate, the room temperature can be raised to 20-25°C, and in 20-30 days the mycelium will have grown throughout the entire substrate. After mushrooms appear, the indoor temperature can be maintained at 15-18°C. Ventilate for 1 hour when the air temperature is at its lowest, and also spray water according to humidity. When the peak fruiting period and late fruiting period arrive, the nutrients in the substrate are nearly exhausted, so fertilizers should be applied promptly as a top dressing.