When do wheat crops mature in Xinjiang? A detailed explanation of maturity times

Xinjiang has a vast territory, and the maturity times of wheat differ from place to place. For example, wheat in the Aksu region matures in June, in the areas north and south of the Tianshan Mountains it matures in July-August, and in the mountainous areas it is even later. Let's take a look below at the key points of wheat cultivation technology in Xinjiang.

I. Brief introduction to Xinjiang wheat

Xinjiang wheat, also known as Peter Pavlov wheat, originated in Xinjiang, China, and is commonly called rice-ear wheat or rice wheat. Its grains are large, long-oval, white, hard, with a deep ventral groove and abundant crown hairs, and the 1000-grain weight in its place of origin is 40-50g.

II. Key points of Xinjiang wheat cultivation technology

1. Preparation before sowing

According to local climatic conditions, choose varieties suitable for local planting. Optimize the fertilization structure, combine organic and inorganic fertilizers, and adhere to “nitrogen-phosphorus coordination, supplementary potassium fertilizer; apply sufficient base fertilizer, with a reasonable ratio of base fertilizer to topdressing”. In plots with severe weed or disease occurrence, under the guidance of the local plant protection department, select appropriate agents for soil treatment.

2. Seed treatment

To prevent rust, smut and powdery mildew, coated seeds may be used. Alternatively, triadimefon, carbendazim, etc. may be used for seed dressing or seed soaking treatment.

3. Sowing

Irrigate before harvesting the previous crop or open furrows and irrigate after harvesting the previous crop to build soil moisture, striving to apply sufficient bottom moisture water before sowing and reduce the area that needs head watering irrigation after sowing. Where irrigation conditions are good, large beds may be used; where irrigation conditions are poor, small beds may be used to save water. Winter wheat sowing in northern Xinjiang ends before October 10, and in Ili it may be postponed to end before October 15. In southern Xinjiang it should end before October 15.

Mechanical drilling is used. For whole-field wheat sowing in northern and southern Xinjiang: for equal-row spacing sowing, the row spacing is 15cm; for wide-narrow row sowing, the wide row is 20cm and the narrow row is 10cm. For reserved-row intercropping wheat fields in southern Xinjiang: equal-row spacing sowing is used, with a row spacing of 11-12cm. In northern Xinjiang, in areas with relatively large land slope, sowing adopts the four-furrow six-row or six-furrow four-row furrow-planting and furrow-sowing method.

4. Field management

Within 3 days after sowing, branch canals should be dug. Check seedlings and reseed in time; when reseeding, seeds soaked for one day and night must be used to narrow the seedling age gap in the field. Generally, harrowing is appropriate after the ground surface begins to turn white in spring; for dry and thin land with insufficient soil moisture, early spring harrowing or intertillage loosening of the soil is not advocated; instead, a roller should be used to compact the ground to reduce wind erosion and moisture loss. For wheat fields with a relatively large population, deep tillage should be used to cut roots and control ineffective spring tillering and population development.