What are the key points of rapeseed cultivation techniques? Explained clearly in one article

Rapeseed is an important oil crop in some regions, and some people rely specifically on growing it to make a living. At present, it is planted in most regions of China. So what are the key points of rapeseed cultivation techniques?

1. Land selection

Choose a field with fertile texture, good drainage and irrigation, and a sunny aspect as the seedbed, then prepare the land and apply sufficient base fertilizer, mainly organic fertilizer, with N, P, and K combined. Per mu, 2000-2500 kg of farmyard manure, 20-30 kg of superphosphate, and 100-150 kg of plant ash can be applied.

2. Seed selection and treatment

(1) Seed selection: Before sowing, the seeds should be sun-dried for 1-2 days, 3-4 hours per day, and selected with 8-10% salt water.

(2) Seed treatment: Soak the seeds in warm water at 50-54°C for 15-20 minutes, which can both kill pathogens and promote germination. Soaking the seeds in 0.8% urea and 1.6% boron solution for 5 hours can promote strong seedlings and early development.

3. Sowing

For rapeseed sowing, 0.2-0.3 liang per mu on average. To sow evenly, the seeds can be divided by plot and quantified. Mix with an appropriate amount of fine soil or plant ash and broadcast, then cover lightly after sowing.

4. Post-sowing management techniques

After sowing, thin and fix the seedlings early. Topdress and weed early, water and drain frequently, and frequently control pests and diseases. After full emergence, thin the seedlings so that the seedlings do not crowd each other.

5. Transplanting

(1) Preparation before transplanting: After 5 leaves, control appropriately. Apply a “start-up fertilizer” 6-7 days before transplanting, and water promptly in case of drought.

(2) Pest and disease control: Seedling-stage pests are mainly aphids, cabbage caterpillars, and flea beetles, with aphids causing the most serious damage. They can be controlled with 300-fold dilution of 2.5% deltamethrin. Using growth regulators to cultivate short and strong seedlings is a technique adopted more in recent years. Spraying 100 mg/kg paclobutrazol on the leaves at the 3-leaf stage significantly dwarfs rapeseed seedlings, thickens the root crown laterally, increases the number of branches noticeably, and leads to fast survival after transplanting, which is conducive to increasing yield.