Detailed Explanation of Key Techniques for High-Yield Sugarcane Cultivation

We all know that sugarcane is rich in sugar and water, is the raw material used for making sugar, and has relatively high economic value. So, what are the techniques for high-yield sugarcane cultivation?

1. Select superior varieties

To plant sugarcane, you need to choose a good variety. According to factors such as weather changes in the planting area and soil conditions, when selecting a variety, choose one with high yield, high sugar content, and strong growth ability. A good variety can reduce the burden of later management, lower the incidence of sugarcane diseases, and increase sugarcane yield.

2. Land preparation and sowing

Sugarcane needs to be planted in soil with sufficient sunlight, strong drainage and irrigation capacity, and fertile, loose texture. After selecting the planting plot, carry out deep plowing and soil loosening. Apply sufficient base fertilizer and mix the base fertilizer evenly with the soil. The main purpose is to improve soil fertility and strengthen the ability to retain water and fertilizer. Before sowing, the seeds should be soaked. The seed of sugarcane is the stem. Choose plump, disease-free, robust stems, soak them in a mixed liquid of thiophanate-methyl and water for about ten minutes, then take them out, air-dry them, and plant them.

3. Field management

After sugarcane is planted and covered with film, its growth speed increases, and the early growth speed is relatively fast during the cultivation process. The base fertilizer should contain sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizer. During topdressing, fertilizer should be applied at least three times. The first is a seedling-strengthening fertilizer applied during the seedling emergence stage, the second is a tiller-strengthening fertilizer applied during the tillering stage, and the last is to promote stem growth. After sugarcane becomes taller, it is prone to lodging, so regular intertillage and hilling should be carried out to prevent lodging. Remove old leaves in time to improve the air and light permeability of the field and strengthen sugarcane resistance.

4. Pest and disease control

The main diseases of sugarcane are pineapple disease, mosaic disease, and sheath rot, which are transmitted by fungi. In northern cultivation, they rarely occur due to the influence of natural environmental conditions. If a high-incidence year occurs, use fungicides such as thiophanate-methyl and carbendazim for control.

Insect pests are mainly underground pests, sugarcane borers, and aphids. Carbofuran, phorate (root application), and fenitrothion (spraying) or other biological pesticides can be used for control. It is prohibited to use highly toxic pesticides with high residues to spray stems and leaves.

5. Timely harvest

Sugarcane harvesting has requirements. The most suitable season for harvesting sugarcane is winter each year, because this stage is when sugarcane grows best and has the most sufficient nutrients. The main harvesting method for sugarcane is cutting. When cutting, determine the cutting position according to the height and depth of the sugarcane. Note that the sugarcane stubble after cutting must not be damaged, because the sugarcane stubble can continue to sprout and form new sugarcane. When cutting, pay attention to the maturity of the sugarcane. Those that are not mature enough must not be cut and need to wait until they are fully mature before proceeding.

To achieve high sugarcane yield, we should choose superior varieties when selecting varieties. At present, relatively well-known varieties on the market include Xintaitang and 00236, etc.