Detailed Explanation of Key Cultivation Techniques for Xinyu Grapes

Xinyu grape is a variety hybridized from Red Globe and Rizamat, a mid-to-late ripening grape variety with high and stable yield and strong fruiting ability, generally ripening in late August. Below is an introduction to its cultivation techniques.

Xinyu grape cultivation techniques

1. Land preparation

In autumn, on the basis of deep plowing and winter irrigation to mature the soil, the whole orchard is plowed once more in late March to early April of the following year, then the bed surface is leveled, and planting trenches 1.2 m wide and 0.2 m deep are opened at a row spacing of 2.75 m, with planting pits dug in the middle of the planting trenches. The planting pits are 60 cm deep and 60 cm in diameter, or 60 cm wide and 60 cm deep. Before planting, apply 800 kg of manure and cow/sheep manure and 120 kg of superphosphate per mu, mix with several times the amount of topsoil, apply evenly into the pits or trenches, and irrigate with sufficient bottom water.

2. Planting

Choose the best planting time according to the weather and climate conditions of each region for planting. Before planting seedlings, the saplings should be properly pruned, removing dead stubs. The planting depth should not be too deep or too shallow. Spread the root system of the saplings in all directions, then cover with soil and tread firm. After planting, irrigate thoroughly once, and after the water seeps in, cover with soil again so that the roots are not exposed.

3. Trellis construction

Set up trellises according to local terrain and topography. Generally, in more complex terrain areas, funnel-style trellises (fan-shaped trellises) can be used; in ordinary areas, horizontal trellises, roof-shaped trellises, etc. can be used.

4. Fertilization

In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, fertilizer is applied during the grape growing season. Generally, a high-yield orchard requires 2-3 topdressings per year. The first topdressing is carried out in early spring when the buds begin to swell; the second topdressing is carried out in the early stage of young fruit enlargement after flower drop, mainly with nitrogen fertilizer, combined with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers; the third fertilization is carried out in the early stage of fruit coloring, mainly with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, with the amount accounting for about 10% of the annual fertilizer amount.

5. Pruning

In addition to flower cluster pruning, table grape varieties also require fruit cluster trimming. The time for fruit cluster trimming is after physiological fruit drop, when the berries are basically stable.

6. Cultivation and weeding

Cultivation is soil tillage carried out during the grape growing period. Cultivation should be shallow, generally 3-4 cm. After irrigation or rainfall, cultivation and loosening of the soil should be carried out promptly to prevent soil compaction and water evaporation. Cultivating 6-8 times throughout the year is sufficient. Clearing weeds in the vineyard during the growing season is an important management task, and cultivation and weeding should be carried out together.