Detailed Explanation of Key Points of High-Yield Cabbage Cultivation Techniques

Cabbage is a common vegetable, and it has a long history of cultivation in our country. It is rich in nutrients, easy to cultivate, highly adaptable, and has extremely high economic value. Below, the editor will explain high-yield cabbage cultivation techniques.

1. Seedling raising

Cabbage cultivation all adopts seedling raising and transplanting. Choose a field with convenient irrigation and drainage and loose, fertile soil for the seedbed. Combine deep plowing with applying an appropriate amount of decomposed organic fertilizer and ternary compound fertilizer. Water thoroughly before sowing, and level the seedbed surface when the soil moisture content is moderate. Irrigate the prepared seedbed with enough bottom water, spread the seeds evenly, cover with about 1 cm of fine soil, cover with film to retain moisture, insert arches, and cover with a shade net. When more than 70% of the seedlings have emerged, remove the plastic film in time to prevent burning the seedlings. When the seedlings grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart (about 10 days after sowing), carry out 1 round of seedling separation. Doing this in the evening or on cloudy days is helpful for survival. The water for seedling separation should be applied in hidden furrows and watered thoroughly.

2. Seedbed management

Cabbage seedlings have strong stress resistance, but pest and weed control must be done well to avoid seedlings being consumed by insects and weeds. The main pests include aphids, diamondback moths, and cabbage caterpillars. Phoxim and 1.8% abamectin can be used alternately. Because the seedling stage is short, depending on the pest situation, generally 2 applications are enough.

3. Selecting varieties

Choose early-maturing varieties with a short growth period, with a single head weighing about 1 kg, and about 45 days from planting to harvest. This is more suitable for consumers' consumption habits and does not affect the sowing period of the next overwintering crop, such as the Dutch variety Ruiduoduo.

4. Sowing at the right time

Cabbage seedlings do not have strict temperature requirements, but the heading stage has very strict temperature requirements and should be around 17°C, which is conducive to the formation and growth of the leaf heads. Therefore, the summer sowing time is around late July.

5. Cultivating strong seedlings

(1) Make the seedbed: The seedbed should be selected as a pollution-free plot with good ventilation, relatively high terrain, convenient irrigation and drainage, no previous cultivation of vegetables of the same family, and relatively close to the planting field. The seedbed soil formula is 6 parts field soil and 4 parts decomposed organic fertilizer. For each cubic meter of nutrient soil, add 1 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 80 g of carbendazim, and 100 g of phoxim granules, mix well, and make a seedbed. The seedbed width is 1.2 m, and the length is unlimited.

6. Land preparation and planting

It is advisable to choose a plot whose previous crop was beans or melons rather than cruciferous crops. Apply 3000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer and 30 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ternary compound fertilizer per mu, plow the land and make beds. The bed width is 1.2 m, plant 2 rows, with a plant spacing of 40 cm, and keep 2500-3000 seedlings per mu. Plant when the seedlings grow to 5-6 leaves. Spray once before planting, that is, when the seedlings are gathered in the seedbed, spray once heavily with 600 times chlorothalonil plus 3000 times phoxim. If management after planting is proper, generally there is no need to use chemicals, and basically no disease occurs throughout the growth period. The planting water should be timely to help the seedlings recover, and the seedlings must not be left to dry in the sun.

5. Fertilizer and water management

After planting, carry out intertillage and seedling hardening, with less fertilizer and water, to promote underground growth. After the seedlings recover, keep the soil alternating between dry and wet to expand the leaf assimilation area, and apply 1 kg of urea per mu. Entering the heading stage, in order to meet growth needs, give sufficient fertilizer and water, apply heavy nitrogen fertilizer, appropriately increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, and apply 2 kg of diammonium phosphate per mu to promote the rapid expansion of the leaf heads in a short time.

Finally, when the top of the cabbage head becomes flat and the head is firm, it can be harvested. For early-maturing varieties, the net weight of a single head is generally 1-1.5 kg.