Detailed Explanation of Key Technical Points for Preventing and Controlling Mushroom White Rot Disease
Mushroom white rot disease is one of the common diseases during mushroom cultivation. Once infected, it has a relatively large impact on mushroom yield, forming lumps on the mushroom surface, and in severe cases, white mold. Let us take a look together at what are the key technical points for preventing and controlling mushroom white rot disease?
I. Key Technical Points for Preventing and Controlling Mushroom White Rot Disease
The typical process of mushroom white rot disease is that a brown tumor grows on the surface of the cap and stipe, then gradually increases, until a layer of white mold forms on the surface of the diseased mushroom. Severely affected mushrooms become deformed, turning into oddly shaped white masses, and finally the diseased mushrooms begin to shrink and soften, and the affected areas discharge a brown, foul-smelling mucus.
1. Once diseased mushrooms are found, they should be removed promptly. Generally, they should be dug out together with the mycelium and the deep substrate, and then the pit should be filled level with disinfected soil. The tools used should also be disinfected with formalin to prevent transmission to healthy mushrooms.
2. On the basis of not cooling the cultivation room, appropriately lower the temperature and humidity. Generally, controlling the relative air humidity below 95% and the temperature below 17°C can effectively prevent white rot disease.
3. For chemical control, Bordeaux mixture can be used to spray the casing soil, which can prevent white rot disease and reduce the infection rate. Carbendazim can also be mixed with water and sprayed on the surface of the mushroom bed, but it must be done before the mushrooms emerge.
4. If the above methods still cannot control the development of the disease, the casing soil can be replaced with sterile soil.
II. Precautions for Mushroom Cultivation
1. Watering to press down the mycelium helps the horizontal growth of mycelium
When cultivating mushrooms, attention should be paid to observing the growth of button mushrooms. After the mycelium begins to emerge, the mushroom house should be ventilated, and the air volume should be large enough to make the mycelium lodge from the wind. Watering is also needed, 2 times a day, and the amount of water should be controlled to keep half of the soil in the mushroom bed thoroughly wet. Watering and ventilation should be carried out at the same time, allowing the 5mm thick soil on the mushroom bed to dry slightly, which can help the horizontal growth of the mycelium and thus promote mushroom maturation.
2. Control the frequency and amount of fruiting water well
Fruiting water is generally applied about 3 days after watering to press down the mycelium. According to the humidity of the substrate and the water content of the soil, control the frequency and amount well. Generally, water 6 jin per sq m, applied in 4 sessions. Until the soil is completely wet, attention should also be paid to ventilation at this time to prevent rot caused by excessive humidity.
3. Control the water temperature of mushroom-emergence water
The amount, method, and precautions of mushroom-emergence water are basically similar to those of fruiting water. The key point is to control the water temperature so that it is not lower than the soil temperature and to keep them as consistent as possible, because excessive temperature differences and temperature changes will affect mushroom growth. The watering method should mainly be spraying.
4. Maintain water to meet the growth needs of mushrooms
Maintenance water must meet the needs of mushroom growth, generally at least once a day. At the same time, adjust the frequency and amount of watering according to the temperature and air quality of the mushroom house. Keep the humidity at around 90% and the soil moist. According to the growth of the mushrooms, gradually increase the amount and frequency of watering to provide sufficient support for the growth of the fruiting bodies.