How to Treat Eggplant Verticillium Wilt? A Detailed Guide to Prevention and Control Methods

Eggplant Verticillium wilt, also known as black heart disease, half-sided madness, and wilt disease, harms adult eggplant plants. In recent years, the affected area of eggplant has gradually expanded, so how do you treat eggplant Verticillium wilt?

1. Prevention and control methods for eggplant Verticillium wilt

(1) Pay attention to seed quarantine, select disease-free eggplant seeds, carry out seed treatment, and prevent transmission through contaminated soil. Soak the seeds in a 500-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 7 hours.

(2) Practice crop rotation and change the crop, choose sandy soil, and avoid continuous cropping with Solanaceous vegetables or cotton. Eggplant rotated with onions and garlic is best, with a rotation period of 3 to 4 years. Rotation with grain crops, especially rice, is particularly ideal.

(3) Cultivate strong seedlings and improve the quality of eggplant transplanting. Graft onto rootstocks such as red eggplant, use nutrient pots for seedling raising, and transplant with soil attached. During farming operations such as seedling separation, temporary planting, transplanting, and hoeing and weeding, pay attention to preventing or reducing root damage to eggplant.

(4) After transplanting, water on sunny days with high temperatures, irrigate reasonably, apply more decomposed organic fertilizer, hoe the land early, maintain soil moisture, raise soil temperature, and reduce the harm of Verticillium wilt. During the eggplant harvest period, water frequently in small amounts, keep the surface soil from cracking and from waterlogging, and maintain the soil moisture content at about 70%. The eggplant field should be kept clean. After harvest or when diseased plants are found, pull them out promptly, spread lime for disinfection, and burn the straw in a centralized manner. Mulching eggplant with plastic film raises soil temperature and has an obvious disease-prevention effect.

2. Chemical control of eggplant Verticillium wilt

(1) Before transplanting eggplant, use 1.3 to 3 kg of 50% carbendazim wettable powder per 667 sq m, add 10 times the amount of soil and mix well, then scatter it in the eggplant transplanting furrow; or spray it on the ground and deep-rake it into the soil at a depth of 15 cm.

(2) After eggplant transplanting and seedling recovery, use a 400-fold dilution of 50% thiophanate wettable powder, or a 500-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, or a 500-fold dilution of 50% thiophanate wettable powder + an 800-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder to irrigate the eggplant roots. Use 0.3 kg of liquid per eggplant plant, irrigate once every 7 to 10 days, and irrigate continuously 2 to 3 times.

(3) You may choose agents such as a 500-fold dilution of 50% carbendazim wettable powder, a 1000-fold dilution of 50% benomyl wettable powder, a 1000-fold dilution of 20% tolclofos-methyl emulsifiable concentrate, a 400-fold dilution of 5% junduqing aqueous solution, or a 1000-fold dilution of 15% hymexazol aqueous solution for root irrigation, 200 milliliters per plant, once every 10 days, and alternating root irrigation 2 to 3 times can eliminate it.

Eggplant Verticillium wilt occurs relatively little at the seedling stage. It generally occurs after the first eggplant fruit sets, so at this stage you need to watch for whether it has been infected by this disease.