What Fertilizer Is Best for Grapes During the Second Berry Enlargement Stage
Grapes are a fruit that many people love to eat; they can be eaten fresh, made into raisins, or used for winemaking. During the growing process, when grapes reach the berry enlargement stage, fertilization work is especially important. So,what fertilizer should be applied during the second berry enlargement stage of grapes?
1. What fertilizer should be applied during the second berry enlargement stage of grapes?
Fertilization during the second berry enlargement stage of grapes is mainly a mixed application of phosphorus, potassium, and nitrogen fertilizers. Per mu, 50 kg of diammonium phosphate + 30 kg of potassium sulfate, or 40 kg of urea + 30 kg of monopotassium phosphate + 10 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer can be applied as a mixture, followed by an appropriate amount of water after fertilization.
2. What are the cultivation techniques for grapes?
1. Soil
Loam soil and fine sandy loam soil are suitable. After selecting the plot, spread fermented manure, then deep plow about 40 cm, and build ridges along the rows at a row spacing of 1.8-2 m, with the direction running north-south.
2. Planting
Generally, planting is done from March to May after the soil thaws and after sprouting. Plant grape seedlings diagonally toward the north along the rows at a plant spacing of 0.7 m; after planting, water heavily, then cover with 5 cm of wet straw, and cover the straw with plastic film.
3. Temperature
The minimum air temperature required for growth is about 12°C-15°C, the minimum soil temperature is about 10°C-13°C, the optimum temperature during the flowering period is about 20°C, and the optimum temperature during the berry enlargement stage is 20°C-30°C. If the temperature difference between day and night is large, coloration and sugar content are better.
4. Light
A certain intensity of light is required, but it should not be too strong. If light is insufficient, it will lead to poor plant growth, failure to bear fruit or the bearing of parthenocarpic fruit, and poor quality; if light is too strong, sunscald is likely to occur, and bagging or leaving leaves on the plant can be used to shade the fruit.
5. Watering
Grapes have relatively high water requirements, but water must be strictly controlled, and rain and dew should be avoided. Water demand is greater in the early growth stage or vegetative growth stage, and less in the late growth stage or fruiting stage. In water-deficient and drought-prone areas, straw should be properly spread as mulch to maintain soil moisture.
6. Fertilization
Three methods are used: base fertilizer, topdressing, and foliar fertilization. Base fertilizer is used during dormancy or after harvest, while topdressing is applied after flowering by broadcasting chemical fertilizer after rain or after watering.
In addition, grapes are vines, so during the growth period it is also necessary to carry out intertillage and weeding, tying vines, removing tendrils, flower thinning, and fruit thinning.