Jusheng No. 1 Grape Variety Introduction and Characteristics Analysis

Jusheng No. 1 grape is another new seedless grape variety introduced from California, USA, following the Red Globe grape. Extremely early-maturing, extra-large berries, natural fruit, no chemical treatment required, single berry up to 12 grams, uniform berries, basically no large or small berries, maximum sugar content above 20, labor-saving cultivation, suitable for large-scale planting.

Jusheng No. 1 Growing Environment

1. Temperature

The minimum air temperature required for grape growth is about 12°C-15°C, the minimum soil temperature is about 10°C-13°C, the optimum temperature during the flowering period is around 20°C, and the optimum temperature during the berry enlargement period is 20°C-30°C. If the day-night temperature difference is large, coloring and sugar content are better. After grapes sprout in spring, if the temperature rises quickly, it easily causes excessive vine growth, manifested as long and unfilled internodes, and poor fertilization during the flowering period. If a spring cold snap occurs, pay attention to applying more phosphorus fertilizer and high-carbon organic matter, and minimize nitrogen fertilizer.

2. Water

Grapes have relatively high water requirements, and strictly controlling soil moisture is a prerequisite for growing grapes well. Grapes need more water in the early growth stage or vegetative growth stage, and in the late growth stage or fruiting stage, the root system is weaker and needs less water, so avoid damaging the roots and affecting quality. Grapes are averse to rain and dew; in years with excessive rain, it easily causes insufficient sunlight, limiting photosynthesis, and excessive water absorption easily causes excessive vine growth and excessively high humidity, which can easily cause various diseases such as black pox and gray mold. Therefore, during the flowering period, try to keep the shoots at 40-70 cm, which is ideal; in areas prone to fruit cracking, irrigation during the fruiting period should also be controlled. In water-deficient and drought-prone areas, appropriately spread straw mulch to maintain soil moisture and also control weed growth.

3. Light

Grapes must have a certain intensity of light during normal growth, but when light is too strong, especially when grapes enter the pit-hardening stage, sunburn disease is more likely to occur. At this time, bagging can be adopted, or when leaving leaves on the plant, try to keep leaves that can shade the grape berries. When sunlight is insufficient, it easily causes poor corolla shedding during the flowering period and a low fertilization rate; poor flower bud differentiation during the flower bud differentiation period, with many parthenocarpic fruits; excessive plant growth during the growing period, with long internodes. No fruit or parthenocarpic fruit; diseases and poor quality during the berry enlargement period; poor coloring and decreased sugar content during the ripening period.

4. Soil

Although grapes can be cultivated in various soils (after improvement), loam and fine sandy loam are best. Although sandy soil has good aeration, its ability to retain fertilizer and water is relatively poor. Loam is between sandy soil and clay soil. Its ability to retain water and fertilizer is relatively strong, and most loam is relatively fertile. When grapes grow vigorously, they are more prone to flower drop and parthenocarpic fruiting. Under high temperature and good light conditions, fruit set is good and yield is high. Under low temperature and little sunlight, fruiting is not very good and yield is low; usually pay attention to drainage, avoid deep plowing, lightly prune in winter, prune more in summer, and spray borax, monopotassium phosphate, and superphosphate, etc. Clay soil has poor aeration, but better fertilizer and water retention, slower nutrient decomposition and absorption, less excessive growth in the early stage, and fewer flower drop and parthenocarpic fruit phenomena, but it is prone to excessive growth in the later development stage. Although the clusters and berries are large, the sugar content and texture are often not very good. More high-carbon organic matter should be applied or a small amount of sand added for improvement. For acidic soil, it is best to use an appropriate amount of lime for neutralization.