What diseases are eggplants prone to during cultivation?

Eggplant is a vegetable that many people love to eat. It originated in the tropical regions of Asia, and now it is grown in many parts of our country. So what diseases are eggplants prone to?

1. Fusarium wilt

Also called blight, it is a plant disease caused by fungi or bacteria. Fusarium wilt comes on rather suddenly, with symptoms including severe spotting, wilting, or the death of leaves, flowers, fruits, stems, or the entire plant.

The control methods are:

Soak the seeds in 0.1% copper sulfate (5 minutes) to disinfect them, then wash them clean and sprout them. In the early stages of the disease in the plant, spray carbendazim or thiophanate-methyl suspension concentrate. In addition, a 12.5% enhanced carbendazim concentrated soluble liquid can be used to drench the roots.

2. Phomopsis blight

It mainly shows as leaf spots that start as small water-soaked points and gradually develop into brown concentric rings, with grayish-white edges bearing small black dots. The spots on the stems are diamond-shaped, and the spots on the fruits also bear concentric rings of small black dots. The diseased areas turn from yellow to brown.

The control methods are:

In addition to practicing crop rotation and choosing disease-resistant varieties, in production, on the basis of strengthening ventilation and light transmission and reducing canopy humidity, chemical control can be used. The chemicals usually used are iprodione at 1500 times, 47% kasugamycin-copper at 600 times, 70% thiophanate-methyl at 600 times, 50% carbendazim at 600 times, 64% oxadixyl or 58% Ridomil (metalaxyl · mancozeb) at 1000 times.

3. Verticillium wilt

Symptoms mostly occur after fruit set, appearing first in the lower and middle parts of the plant. In the early stages of the disease, the plant wilts on sunny days and recovers in the morning and evening; once the disease is severe, it no longer recovers. In some cases, the branches and leaves on one side turn yellow. When the diseased roots, stems, and branches are split open, the vascular bundles are blackish-brown.

The control methods are:

In the early stages of the disease, you can use 77% copper hydroxide at 800 times, 50% carbendazim at 500 times, or 90% hymexazol at 2000 times to drench the roots, once every 10 days, for 2-3 consecutive times. In severe cases, the diseased plants should be pulled out, and quicklime should be scattered at the spot where they were removed for sterilization treatment, to prevent the pathogen from spreading through watering.

4. Bacterial wilt

It is a worldwide disease widely distributed in tropical, subtropical, and certain temperate regions, and it is a soil-borne disease.

The control methods are: choose disease-resistant varieties, or use paddy-upland crop rotation, and chemical control can also be used after transplanting or when the disease occurs.

The chemicals mainly used are 80% zineb or 500 times Kebo solution, 72% agricultural streptomycin at 4000 times, or 77% copper hydroxide at 400 times to drench the roots, for 2-3 consecutive times.

5. Damping-off

It occurs at the seedling stage. The base of the seedling near the soil surface becomes water-soaked, then constricts into a thread-like shape. The cotyledons have not wilted, yet the seedling has already fallen over onto the ground.

The control methods are: pay attention to more ventilation, light transmission, and less watering. You can also use 58% Ridomil at 800-1000 times, iprodione at 1500 times, or 72.2% propamocarb at 600 times to control it.