What is Daqing garlic? Detailed introduction to its variety characteristics
Daqing garlic originated from the Baiqiao garlic planting base in Shanghe, Jinan. Its stalks are green and its skin is purple, and the variety is excellent. The yield of garlic scapes is 900-1400 jin per mu, and the yield of garlic bulbs is about 4000 jin per mu. Let's take a look at how to grow it!
1. Planting time
Garlic is a crop that prefers a cool environment, so according to the climate and variety conditions of each region, it can be divided into spring sowing and autumn sowing. In northern regions, the temperature in autumn and winter is relatively low and relatively cold, and the seedlings cannot overwinter safely, so autumn sowing is not suitable. Instead, seedlings can be raised in greenhouses, sown in early spring, and harvested in summer. In southern regions, the temperature is relatively low, and autumn and winter are warm enough that seedlings can overwinter safely in the open air during autumn sowing, so autumn sowing is mainly used.
2. Land preparation
Garlic does not have strict requirements for soil, but it yields better in soil rich in organic matter, loose and fertile, and well-drained. Choose a plot with flat terrain for planting. Before planting, first prepare the land. First deep plow the soil 20-25 cm, then fine plow to break up and level the soil clods, with no obvious stones or soil clods. Then make beds. The bed length is about 1 m and the width is about 4 m. You can also make beds 50 cm long and 4 m wide, depending on the actual situation.
3. Sowing
Choose garlic bulbs that are relatively large and good in color, peel them by hand and separate the cloves, remove the basal plate and stem plate of the garlic bulb, grade the garlic cloves, and select cloves that are large, pure white on the outside, undamaged, and without glossy skin as seeds. Each one is required to weigh up to 5 grams. The size of the seed affects the yield, so try to choose large seeds. Before sowing, sun-dry the seeds for one or two days to increase the germination rate. Be careful not to choose a high-temperature period. At a temperature of 15-17 degrees, when the climate is cool and the sunlight is not strong. If the seeds are sun-dried when the sunlight is strong, the seeds may be directly killed by the sun. Sow by opening furrows on the bed surface. The furrow depth is 4-5 cm, and the plant and row spacing is 20×16 cm. Sow 1-2 seeds per furrow. After sowing, cover with a thin layer of 1 cm soil, then water to make the soil moist.
4. Field management
Garlic is a crop with a relatively high water requirement. The soil must be kept [moist] so that it can grow quickly. Generally, watering is needed four times throughout the growth period. The first is after sowing, to promote germination as soon as possible; the second is at the seedling stage, to promote rapid seedling growth; the third is at the scape emergence stage, to promote the growth of garlic scapes; the fourth is at the bulb enlargement stage, to increase moisture for bulb enlargement and avoid poor bulb growth. At the same time, to achieve high yield, fertilization is also essential. The fertilization principle is to mainly use organic fertilizer and apply a small amount of chemical fertilizer; mainly base fertilizer, with topdressing as a supplement. When planting, apply 5000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per mu, and combine it with an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer. Spread it evenly on the ground, and mix it evenly with the soil during deep plowing; topdressing can be carried out together with watering. In addition, cultivate and weed to increase soil aeration, prevent weeds from taking nutrients, and also strengthen the prevention and control of pests and diseases.