What are the methods for preventing and controlling stem rot? Explained clearly in one article

Stem rot is a common disease during crop growth, mostly harming the stem base and roots of plants, with an incidence rate of 50-70%, and it generally reduces yield by about 20%, so when planting crops, this disease must be well prevented and controlled. So what are the methods for preventing and controlling stem rot?

Method 1, site selection and land preparation: It is best to choose a plot with good drainage, for example, gently sloping land or flat land that can be directly irrigated or watered with sprinkler tape is the best construction site. Then the land should also be deeply plowed about 30cm to allow the soil to weather naturally and reduce sources of disease.

Method 2, plant appropriately shallowly: The purpose is to reduce the soil covering the stem, and it is generally advisable not to cover the nutrient soil of the seedlings.

Method 3, never allow waterlogging: Drainage ditches should be made before planting. If the drainage ditches become blocked later, they should be cleared in time to avoid water accumulation after rain and reduce the chance of spread through flowing water.

Method 4, avoid continuous cropping: Avoid continuous cropping with vegetable plots or Cucurbitaceae crops.

Method 5, appropriate fertilization: Before planting, attention should be paid to increasing the amount of organic fertilizer and applying organic fertilizer deeply, while reducing the amount of chemical fertilizer or not using chemical fertilizer. In high-temperature weather, chemical fertilizers have high solubility in the soil, and combined with the high salt content of the soil itself, excessive application of chemical fertilizers is not conducive to root growth.

Method 6, chemical control: After symptoms appear on the plant, the soil should be opened in time, and with a sterilized bamboo strip or small knife, the affected cortex and tissue should be scraped clean, then one of the following chemical formulations should be used to smear the diseased part and drench the roots until the wound dries and no longer oozes gum.

1. Per mu, use 100-200 times liquid each of Shadufan + Puhaiyin + agricultural streptomycin to smear the roots or drench the roots.

2. Per mu, use 200 times liquid of carbendazim and 50% lime water alternately.

3. Per mu, use 200 times liquid each of Redomil + agricultural streptomycin + Wanling powder.

Overall, to prevent and control stem rot, it is necessary to manage water and fertilizer well, select and prepare the land, avoid continuous cropping, plant appropriately shallowly, and use chemicals to smear the roots or drench the roots for prevention and control.