A Detailed Explanation of the Key Technical Points for Summer Fruit Tree Pest and Disease Control

Because summer weather is hot, fruit tree pests and diseases are extremely likely to occur if management is improper. Once fruit trees are affected by pests and diseases, there is great damage to yield, quality, and so on, leaving growers with unbearable hardship. Below, let us take a look at the key points of summer fruit tree pest and disease control techniques.

I. Common types of summer fruit tree pests and diseases

The key pests and diseases in summer orchards include the peach fruit moth, hawthorn spider mite, early defoliation disease, canker, and anthracnose.

II. Key technical points for summer fruit tree pest and disease control

1. Strengthen cultivation management

In the process of fruit tree control, strengthening cultivation management is one of the most fundamental measures. Good cultivation management can improve the resistance of fruit trees to pests and diseases and effectively control the spread of pests and diseases. In addition, scientific irrigation, drainage, and fertilization during management improve the tree vigor of the orchard. Fruit tree growers should also do a good job of sanitation within the orchard, regularly prune pest- and disease-affected branches and shoots, and promptly remove fruit infected by pests and diseases, so as to reduce the infection rate of pests and diseases. Carrying out pest and disease control in seasons when resistance is relatively weak, when trees are easily exposed, and when pest bodies gather together can achieve good control results.

2. Improve spraying quality

First is the issue of pesticide selection: be sure to choose highly effective, low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides. Never choose those low-efficiency, high-toxicity pesticides. Summer is the season when fruit tree growth is most sensitive to pesticide reactions. How should the spraying time be correctly chosen? The correct spraying time should be before 10 a.m. or after 4 p.m. If spraying is done at other times, because the sun is too strong, it will cause fruit burn on the fruit trees, and it also causes certain harm to the human body. At the same time, because fruit tree branches and leaves are lush, various pests have strong concealment, so when spraying early, it must be applied thoroughly, and the mist droplets should not be too large, so that both the front and back sides of the fruit and leaves are fully covered with the pesticide, and according to the living habits of various pests, key pesticide application and control should be carried out on the areas where they gather and rest. Make sure to eliminate them all in one go. In addition, the type and concentration of pesticide used should be reasonably determined according to the different sensitivity of fruit trees to various pesticides. Never apply the wrong pesticide solution, because this will not only have no effect, but also affect the defense time of the fruit trees, and finally cause an irreversible situation. For example, Bordeaux mixture is often used on apple, pear, and grape trees, but peach trees are relatively sensitive to it and generally cannot be treated with it.

3. Adopt joint control methods

Although most fruit farmers operate independently and the orchard area they manage is limited, if contiguous orchards are encountered, then the fruit farmers need to communicate in advance and adopt the method of spraying pesticides at a unified time for joint prevention and joint control, so as to prevent pests and diseases from spreading to other orchards due to the effect of the pesticide. In addition, for different varieties of fruit trees, the types of pesticides chosen by each fruit farmer should also be targeted, and in the process of joint prevention and joint control, problems such as re-infection and re-spread of pests and diseases should be solved as much as possible. During the joint prevention and joint control stage, each fruit farmer also needs to check the weather conditions in advance, so as to prevent the freshly sprayed pesticide from being washed away by rain and reducing the control effect of the pesticide on pests and diseases.

4. General pest and disease control countermeasures

General pest and disease control mainly uses cultivation measures to promote stronger tree bodies, which can effectively improve the resistance of trees to pests and diseases. At the same time, appropriate pesticide spraying protection is also needed to improve the trees' defense ability against pathogen invasion. For tree trunks where pests and diseases have appeared, manual removal should be carried out according to the degree of disease, the scope of the disease, and the organ distribution of the disease. Generally, methods such as picking, digging, scraping, pouring irrigation, and spraying are used to eliminate pests and diseases.