Identification of Common Corn Diseases and Remedies for Herbicide Damage

For arid and poor-soil regions, corn is an excellent food crop, but during cultivation, the occurrence of diseases affects yield. So what are the common corn diseases? How do you remedy the situation after herbicide damage occurs? Let's find out below.

What are the common corn diseases?

Different seasons, regions and varieties may suffer from different diseases. Below is a brief introduction to a few common ones.

1. Spring corn

Early-maturing spring corn in Northeast China is mainly affected by head smut, northern corn leaf blight, gray leaf spot, stalk rot and curvularia leaf spot; spring corn in North China is affected by head smut, northern corn leaf blight, gray leaf spot, curvularia leaf spot and banded leaf and sheath blight; in the Southwest region, banded leaf and sheath blight, gray leaf spot, ear rot, northern corn leaf blight, southern corn leaf blight, head smut and common rust; in the Northwest region, head smut, northern corn leaf blight, southern corn leaf blight, maize dwarf mosaic virus and crazy top.

2. Summer corn

The main diseases harming summer corn are southern corn leaf blight, maize smut, southern rust, stalk rot and brown spot.

Among them, the currently widespread and serious diseases include northern corn leaf blight, southern corn leaf blight, rust, banded leaf and sheath blight, curvularia leaf spot, stalk rot and head smut.

How do you remedy the situation after herbicide damage occurs in corn?

The remedial measures that can be taken after herbicide damage occurs in corn are mainly to improve the crop's root environment, promote crop growth and enhance its stress resistance. Cultivation measures such as loosening the soil, increasing soil temperature and soil aeration can be adopted, and according to the crop's growth condition, supplement with some quick-acting nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers or other trace element fertilizers. Foliar fertilization takes effect quickly and is also the most effective remedy for corn herbicide damage. Some plant growth regulators that promote growth and vigor, especially those that promote root growth, can be sprayed, but you must pay attention to the crop's needs and must not apply them at will. In short, as long as a measure is beneficial to crop growth and development, it helps alleviate herbicide damage and reduce losses.

1. Neutralization

For herbicide damage caused by an excessive dosage of herbicide, intertillage can be used, and a certain amount of lime powder can be applied when watering to neutralize the acidic herbicide, while strengthening field management to enhance corn resistance.

2. Watering

Apply additional quick-acting fertilizers such as urea to promote root development and regeneration; strengthen intertillage and soil loosening to enhance the roots' ability to absorb nutrients and water, prompting the plants to resume growth and development as quickly as possible. At the same time, you can also spray the leaves with a 1%-2% urea solution or a 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to reduce the losses caused by herbicide damage.

3. Spraying plant growth regulators

Plant growth regulators have a very good stimulating effect on corn growth and development. At the same time, trace element fertilizers such as zinc, iron and aluminum and foliar fertilizers can also be used to promote crop growth and effectively reduce herbicide damage. Commonly used plant growth regulators include gibberellic acid, brassinolide and sodium nitrophenolate.

The time when each disease occurs and the pesticides needed may all be different, and the use of pesticides also needs to follow the instructions. When doing disease prevention and preparing pesticides, growers should follow the instructions and must not use them at will, so as to avoid herbicide damage.