What are the key points for managing fly maggot breeding in spring?

Breeding economic animals requires a large amount of animal protein feed, but the persistently high feed prices have put the economic benefits of farms in crisis. In fact, the largest feed expense is animal protein feed. Is there any way to reduce the cost of purchasing animal protein feed while still achieving good feeding results? Using livestock and poultry manure to breed fly maggots not only treats animal manure in an environmentally friendly way, but also produces a large amount of protein feed, which can greatly improve the economic benefits of farms.

According to experimental analysis, the crude protein content of fly maggots is similar to or slightly higher than that of fresh fish, fish meal and silkworm pupa powder. The nutritional composition of fly maggots is also relatively comprehensive, containing various amino acids needed by animals. The content of each amino acid is higher than that of fish meal. The total essential amino acid content is 2.3 times that of fish meal, the methionine content is 2.7 times that of fish meal, and the lysine content is 2.6 times that of fish meal. In fly maggot breeding, flies are raised in rooms or fly cages, and livestock and poultry manure is treated by adding EM microbial fermentation before being fed to fly maggots. Generally, a large number of fly maggots can be produced in just a few days. The following points should be noted in spring management of fly maggot breeding: 1. Insulation of the fly room. The activities of flies are greatly affected by temperature. At 4-7°C they can only crawl, at 10-15°C they can fly, above 20°C they can feed, mate and lay eggs, and at 30-35°C they are especially active.  In spring, the temperature is relatively low and the temperature difference between day and night is large. Under natural conditions, flies lay fewer eggs or even no eggs. If a cold wave occurs, it can also cause a large number of flies to die. To ensure normal egg laying by flies and stable fly maggot production, we must take insulation measures for the fly room.  Inside the room, use foam boards or plastic film to partition off some smaller spaces and make sealed insulated fly-raising rooms of 4—10 cubic meters (with appropriate ventilation holes left), and keep the flies concentrated in these fly rooms for separate rearing. Fly rooms with poor light need a light bulb of more than 100W hung for supplementary lighting. If the fly room still does not reach above 20°C even with insulation, appropriate heating should be carried out. Smaller fly rooms can use electric lights or electric stoves for heating; slightly larger fly rooms can have a honeycomb coal stove placed inside for heating. The stove must be covered, and an iron sheet chimney should be used to lead the coal gas out of the fly room to prevent harmful gases from poisoning the flies. 2. Fermentation of manure material. For feed to feed fly maggots, the following formulas can be selected: 1. Pig manure 60% + chicken manure 40%; 2. Chicken manure 60% + pig manure 40%; 3. Pig manure 80% + alcohol 10% + corn or wheat bran 10%; 4. Cow manure 30% + pig manure or chicken manure 60% + rice bran or corn flour 10%; 5. Tofu residue or cassava residue 20—50% + chicken or pig manure 50—80%; 6. Chicken manure 100% or pig manure 100%. After preparing the manure material, add about 10% chopped straw, evenly pour in EM active bacteria (5 kg per ton of manure), make the manure material have 90—100% moisture, and seal it in a fermentation pit for fermentation. On the third day, turn the manure and add another 3 kg of EM per ton of manure. Generally after 5—6 days the manure material can be used. In spring, when the temperature is relatively low, the manure fermentation time should be appropriately shortened, so that the manure material can still ferment and generate heat during the process of feeding fly maggots, which can reduce or eliminate the need for external heating sources, and the fly maggots can still grow normally. 3. Careful management of flies. A 10-square-meter fly room should guarantee at least more than 20,000 flies. Every 2—3 days, an appropriate amount of maggots should be left to become pupae and emerge as flies, because the lifespan of flies is generally about 15 days, and breeder flies are aging and dying every day.  Every morning, flies must be fed on schedule. The feed ingredients are 350 grams of water, 50 grams of brown sugar and a small amount of milk powder (amount used for a 10-square-meter breeding area). To increase the egg production of flies, add 2 grams of egg-promoting hormone (after feeding egg-promoting hormone for 3 days, stop for 3 days before using again). After the above raw materials are dissolved, add them to the sponge in the food tray, and use another small tray to hold a small amount of brown sugar blocks for the flies to feed on. The food tray and sponge must be cleaned every 1—2 days.  Every afternoon, use a basin to hold egg-collecting material and place it in the fly room so that flies can lay eggs on it. The egg-collecting material can use fresh animal offal or wheat bran mixed with fresh pig blood, etc. In the evening, cover the egg mass with a little egg-collecting material to help hatching. The next day, bring out the egg-collecting material together with the egg mass and add it to the manure heap in the maggot-raising pool. 4. Careful rearing of fly maggots.  After the manure material is fermented, pile it into the maggot-raising pool, forming 3—5 ridge-shaped manure rows with a height of 20—30 cm. Add the egg-collecting material with fly eggs taken from the fly room onto the manure material. Add it once more the next day. The hatched small maggots will burrow into the manure material to feed.  During the cultivation process, if it is found that the hatched small maggots keep wandering on the surface of the manure material and do not burrow into the manure, bran mixed with pig blood or fresh animal offal should be appropriately added for feeding. If the fly maggots come out of the manure material and crawl everywhere before they have grown up, it indicates that the manure material has poor ventilation or that the nutrients in the manure material have been exhausted. The material should be turned according to the situation or new manure material should be added as soon as possible.  Generally after about 6 days, all the fly maggots in the manure material have crawled out, and the nutrients in the manure material have basically been consumed. All the residual material should be shoveled out, and new manure material should be put in for another production and cultivation cycle. The shoveled residual material, after adding EM and sealing for fermentation for 6—7 days, can then be used to raise earthworms.