How to prevent and treat infectious bursal disease in peafowl farming

Pathogen: The virus of this disease is infectious bursal disease virus, that is, infectious bursal disease is also called Gumboro disease, cloacal bursitis. The pathogen is an acute and highly virulent infectious disease caused by infectious bursal disease virus of the family Birnaviridae, genus Avibirnavirus. The virus has very strong resistance; it still cannot be inactivated at 60°C for 90 minutes, can survive for as long as 3 years at -20°C, and can only be killed in a strongly alkaline environment at pH 12 when kept above 30°C for 1 hour. It has tolerance under ultraviolet light and sunlight; feces, feed, drinking water, etc. removed from the cage of a diseased bird still retain infectivity after 52 days. The first-choice disinfectant is formaldehyde, followed by medical chloramine-T, etc.; in addition, dujunjing, benzalkonium bromide, etc. also have a certain effect.

Pathological necropsy: Dead peafowl show obvious dehydration, dry legs, and dry subcutaneous tissue. The pectoral muscles and leg muscles show patchy and streaky large-area hemorrhages, there are hemorrhagic points at the junction of the proventriculus and gizzard, and sometimes the proventricular papillae also bleed. The most important finding is enlargement of the bursa of Fabricius, with a thickened wall and obvious folds, and in severe hemorrhage it appears like purple grapes. The kidneys are enlarged, showing a pale yellow “mottled kidney”, which then leads to death. Epidemiology: Young peafowl are susceptible to this disease. Transmission modes include direct contact and indirect transmission through feed, drinking water, feces, cages, personnel clothing, etc. This virus can not only be transmitted through the respiratory tract and digestive tract, but also through hatching eggs, and even insects can carry the virus and transmit it. Prevention: First, do a good job in environmental sanitation and disinfection of the breeding site to kill the pathogen. Second, do a good job in immunization of young peafowl; inoculation with “infectious bursal disease live vaccine” 1-2 times is sufficient. In addition, strengthen care for young birds, keep them warm in cold seasons, and appropriately increase multivitamins in the feed. Add 4% ~ 5% glucose to drinking water to supplement heat energy and improve body condition. Treatment: Fashinangsan + (Shenzhongxiao or Suxiao Shenzhijing or Ganshen Baobei) + vitamin C soluble powder + (Qinganteling or Wenyi Suxiao or Gankang). In severe cases, dexamethasone can be injected intramuscularly. The peafowl farming editor and expert reminds: The clinical manifestations of this disease in peafowl: the course of disease is generally 1 week. At first, peafowl are found pecking at the anus, then the diseased birds have fluffy feathers, reduced feed intake, fear of cold, listlessness, head retraction, closed eyes, unwillingness to move, lying prostrate and sleeping, and excrete white and watery thin droppings; individual droppings may contain blood, the eye sockets are sunken, dehydration occurs, and finally they die from weakness. So be especially careful!