Prevention and Treatment Methods for Dangerous Epidemic Diseases in Deer Farming

Type 5 disease, also known as this disease, spreads rapidly and is highly harmful. The prevention method is injection of bovine foot-and-mouth disease type O vaccine, but injection of the vaccine in female deer can easily cause miscarriage, and in deer already latently infected it can easily trigger an outbreak of this disease. Therefore, if this disease has already occurred in a certain deer herd, injection of this vaccine should be done with caution. The treatment method is to use broad-spectrum antibiotics and antiviral drugs, such as “Luyanting” and “Yidi Injection”, supplemented by comprehensive treatment measures such as fluid infusion, cardiac support and detoxification, and generally the disease can be cured. Once a case is found, sick deer should be isolated promptly, and pens, water tanks and feed troughs should be disinfected with strong disinfectants. Outside personnel must be prohibited from entering the rearing area to prevent infection caused by carrying the virus.

Enterotoxemia is caused by Clostridium welchii, and this bacterium is a conditional pathogen. This disease occurs mostly in deer in good body condition and is characterized by systemic toxemia, severe diarrhea, soft kidneys and severe gastrointestinal hemorrhage. It is mostly sporadic, with occasional local outbreaks, and can occur in all four seasons. In the north it is seen mostly in spring and autumn. When the weather changes abruptly, green tender feed is suddenly replaced, or large amounts of concentrate are fed, the disease is easily induced. The course of this disease is acute and the mortality rate is high. Some cases show bloody watery feces, while others show no obvious symptoms at all and suddenly fall down and die. Drug treatment is not very effective. For prevention, inactivated Clostridium welchii vaccine can be injected intramuscularly 2 times a year, 5 milliliters each time. Protective immunity is produced 15 days after vaccination and lasts for 6 months.

Tuberculosis has no treatment value in this disease. The only feasible measures are strengthening epidemic prevention and active immunization, regular disinfection of pens, exclusion of tuberculosis patients from among the rearing staff, regular quarantine inspection, and isolated rearing of sick deer. Within 24 hours after birth, fawns should be vaccinated with BCG, and then vaccinated again at 12 months and 24 months. Adult deer should be immunized continuously for 2 years, once each year, and the immune protection rate can reach more than 80%. If this is persisted in unremittingly over the long term, the effect of purifying this disease can be achieved.