What silkworm supplies need to be prepared before raising silkworms?
Speaking of silkworms, perhaps many people, like the editor, had experience raising silkworms as children. Although back then we just raised them for fun, the process of a silkworm growing from an egg to finally becoming a cocoon is always the same, and its rearing process is also much the same. The only big difference is the workload between raising a few silkworms and raising tens of thousands of silkworms!
Silkworm supplies to prepare before raising silkworms
Before raising silkworms, silkworm eggs should be ordered reasonably according to mulberry leaf yield. You need to prepare a special rearing room for young silkworms, a mulberry leaf storage room, a rearing room for older silkworms, and a mounting room for cocoon spinning. Silkworm tools to prepare include: disinfection tools (water vat or bucket, water ladle, water pipe, sprayer, disinfection pot, broom, etc.), newly hatched silkworm collection tools (silkworm chopsticks, goose feathers, silkworm collection paper or silkworm collection bags, etc.), rearing tools (silkworm racks, mulberry feeding racks, silkworm trays, silkworm nets, bamboo poles, perforated plastic film, wet-and-dry thermometer, etc.), mulberry picking and preparation tools (mulberry picking baskets, mulberry shears, mulberry storage vats, air cages, mulberry covering cloth, mulberry cutting knives, mulberry cutting boards, etc.), and mounting tools (square mounts, plastic folding mounts, mount frames, etc.). Consumables needed include heating fuel (coal, firewood), disinfection and disease prevention supplies (quicklime, charred chaff, silkworm medicine), and easily consumed silkworm tools (silkworm nets, silkworm seat paper, perforated plastic film, etc.).
How to make more money raising silkworms
1. Vigorously carry out technical training and strive to improve silkworm farmers' level of scientific silkworm raising. Technical training should be carried out to popularize scientific silkworm raising techniques. First, educate silkworm farmers to standardize operating procedures and advocate spreading rubber cloth when removing litter; after removing litter, wash hands before feeding leaves; when picking sick silkworms, use silkworm chopsticks and put them into a lime bowl; second, attach importance to rearing management, feed young silkworms suitably mature leaves, and during the older silkworm stage pay attention to ventilation and air exchange, expand the rearing seats and spread the silkworms thinly; enable silkworm farmers to learn to identify common symptoms and master basic techniques such as symptomatic medication and dosage.
2. Prevention first, comprehensive control. Silkworm disease control must adhere to the principle of "prevention first, comprehensive control." Before raising silkworms, do a good job of disinfection, making disinfection thorough and comprehensive with no dead corners left. During silkworm raising, often observe the silkworms' mulberry eating conditions and appropriately add medication; do not wait until silkworm diseases break out massively before using medicine. At the same time, after raising silkworms, carry out post-rearing disinfection.
3. For stiff silkworms and purulent disease, the following measures should be adopted. Do a good job in disinfection, disease prevention, and scientific rearing for demonstration households and key households, using points to drive broader areas and expand influence. During each disinfection, silkworm tools should be soaked and disinfected, pathogens in hidden parts should be disinfected, and then fumigation disinfection should be carried out in a sealed silkworm room. Focus on newly hatched silkworms and do a good job of disinfecting dormant silkworms and newly molted silkworms. Often sprinkle silkworm seat cleaner or anti-stiffening powder, as well as dry materials such as charred chaff. For 5th-instar silkworms, feed erythromycin or chloramphenicol every other day, and spread them thinly, achieving good mulberry feeding and full eating. Implement matching of seeds and medicine and follow-up technical service. When distributing eggs, issue silkworm medicine and technical materials together to silkworm farmers. Silkworm farmers should purchase medicine from genuine manufacturers to ensure the quality of silkworm medicine. Agricultural technicians should go deep into villages, groups, and farmer households to provide on-site guidance and solve problems promptly when found.
What to pay attention to when raising silkworms
1. Newly hatched silkworms are very small, and their bodies are dark black. When feeding mulberry leaves, note that it is best to pick tender mulberry leaves, and it is also best to cut them into small pieces with scissors to make it convenient for the newly hatched silkworms to eat.
2. When the newly hatched silkworms grow a little bigger, the mulberry leaves do not need to be cut, but tender leaves should still be the main type, making it convenient for the silkworm babies to eat. Their bodies now have a little white. Because mulberry leaves are relatively tender, they dry quickly, so pay attention to adding leaves in time.
3. Silkworm babies eat rather vigorously and grow quickly. When their appetite is good, it is easy for them to reach molting time. At that time, the silkworm babies do not move much, and then begin the molting process. Do not think it is sick and rub it.
4. After the 4th molting, the silkworm babies' bodies are already relatively transparent and are preparing to enter the silk-spinning state. After about 5 days, the silkworm cocoons can be harvested.
5. Silkworms are basically eating throughout their lives. For friends raising silkworms in ordinary cities, the most troublesome issue may be mulberry leaves. If there are some in the garden or residential compound to pick, that is best. If not, they can be bought from online stores or from local markets. Before feeding mulberry leaves, be sure to wash the leaves well and wipe them dry before feeding them to the silkworm babies, so they are less likely to get diarrhea or even die.
6. If mulberry leaves are relatively difficult to obtain, when going out, you can pick some outside, pack them, bring them back, then sprinkle a little water and store them in the refrigerator to keep them fresh. In this way, the silkworms can have mulberry leaves to eat every day. If there really are no leaves, you can also feed some vegetable leaves, such as camphor tree leaves or lettuce leaves.
Silkworm raising techniques
1. Spray mulberry leaves for supplemental feeding in silkworm raising: add 5 milliliters of fermentation liquid to one jin of water, spray 10 jin of mulberry leaves for supplemental feeding, once a day. Silkworms love to eat, the feces are not smelly, growth is fast, cocoons are thick, quality is good, and yield can be increased by about 10%.
2. Spray silkworm bodies to cool down and relieve heat: in summer, temperatures are high, silkworms are prone to disease, and if room temperature is too high, silkworms are also prone to heatstroke and death. In high-temperature weather, add 5 milliliters of fermentation liquid to one jin of clean water and spray it on the silkworm bodies, once each in the middle of the day and in the afternoon.
3. Spray mulberry leaves to keep them fresh: in summer, temperatures are high, and mulberry leaves picked back and piled for a long time will turn yellow and deteriorate; in autumn, the climate is dry, and mulberry leaves picked back and kept for a long time will dry out and harden. You can add 5 milliliters of fermentation liquid to one jin of clean water, use it to spray the mulberry leaves wet, then put the mulberry leaves into woven bags or pile them on the ground, cover them well with plastic cloth, and after 24 hours of storage they will still be as fresh and green as at first.
4. Spray mulberry leaves to promote growth: add 1—2 milliliters of fermentation liquid to one jin of water, spray the mulberry leaves in the mulberry field, spray 2—3 times a month; adding 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate gives a better effect. It is best to spray until the mulberry leaves are all wet without dripping. Mulberry leaves grow quickly, and the leaves are oily green and thick, which can increase yield by 20—25%. It can also reduce pests and diseases.
Note: Do not use antibiotics within 6 hours before and after using Huoli 99 fermentation liquid. No matter how long the fermentation liquid is stored, as long as it still has a sweet, mellow Qu aroma, it can be used. If it stinks, it cannot be used.
Although raising silkworms is a relatively simple matter, many problems will still be encountered during the rearing process. If the methods are incorrect, many silkworms will die, which will greatly reduce profit margins. Therefore, before raising silkworms, it is very necessary to first understand some of its rearing techniques!