What are the different modes of artificial abalone farming?

Abalone is one of the valuable “marine delicacies”, delicious in taste and rich in nutrition, and is known as the “soft gold” of the sea. Abalone is a valuable marine edible shellfish, praised as the “gold of the dining table, crown of marine delicacies”. Below, let us look at several artificial farming modes for abalone

Seabed sinking box farming:

The farming equipment is a 2m×2m×0.8m large steel-framed net cage, sunk to the seabed for farming. Some also use cement tanks with openings on the upper side and both ends, with several staggered horizontal partition plates in the middle, and the openings fitted with zippered netting, sunk to the seabed for farming, with feed mainly consisting of seaweed such as kelp. With this farming method, the abalone's habitat environment is more stable than in raft farming, and the growth effect is also better, but feeding and management are relatively difficult.

Offshore raft farming: 

For the farming apparatus, multi-layer abalone farming cages are better. Multi-layer abalone farming cages are 45-50cm in diameter and 100-200cm high, with 4-10 layers of plastic trays connected as one body by iron rods and plastic sleeves, with a layer spacing of 20-30cm, and wrapped on the outside with zippered netting. Feeding, management, and changing the netting are all very convenient, and the feed is mainly seaweed such as kelp.

Seaside enclosed pond farming:

In the intertidal zone, choose a suitable location, build embankments and ponds, and place stones, cement slabs, tiles, etc. in the pond as attachment and hiding structures for abalone. The upper part of the pond wall on the seaward side has several water exchange openings, serving as channels for exchange between the pond water and the open sea water at high and low tide. After the tide goes out, the seawater in the pond should be kept at a depth of about 1m, and the feed is mainly seaweed.

Onshore artificial farming

(1) Multi-layer trough farming: use multi-layer long strip shallow troughs, used in combination with mesh screens, attachment boards and other equipment. The troughs are 0.5-0.7m wide, 0.3-0.4m deep, generally 1-10m long, with a layer spacing of about 0.5m. Some feed is mainly seaweed, and some is mainly formulated feed. The farming density is 200-400 abalone per sq m for 3-5cm abalone, and 100-150 abalone per sq m for abalone larger than 6cm. (2) Plastic box farming in ponds: the farming pond is a cement pond with an area of 20-40m2 and a depth of 1-1.2m. The plastic boxes are special abalone farming boxes 39cm long, 30cm wide and 12cm high. Every 5-7 boxes are stacked up and down into one stack and tied together. Each bundle is placed upright in the pond and arranged in rows, with operation passages left between the rows. The daily water supply is not less than 3-6 times the cultivated water body, with continuous aeration for 24 hours, and the feed is fresh kelp or dried kelp.