Freshwater Bass Farming Techniques: Water Temperature Conditions for Bass Farming
Freshwater bass, as the name implies, is a kind of bass that lives in freshwater. It has a certain food value and has sold very well on the market in recent years, thus attracting many people to farm it. However, in the process of farming, in addition to mastering farming techniques, controlling water temperature is also a very important step. Let's take a look together below!
Freshwater Bass Farming Techniques
1. Pond construction. The pond area is 5-8 mu, rectangular, with a north-south orientation being better. The pond bottom is required to be flat, with a sandy-mud substrate, firm pond banks, and a pond depth of 2 m. Inlet and drainage pipes are buried at the pond bottom, and an aerator is equipped. Before stocking, clear silt and disinfect the pond. Apply fertilizer to cultivate basic bait organisms, making the pond water oily green or tea brown.
2. Fry rearing. Bass fry caught from sea areas (body length 1.5-2 cm) are desalinated to a salinity of 4‰-7‰ and then put into a temporary holding pond (salinity 1‰). The stocking density in the temporary holding pond is controlled at 10,000-20,000 fish per mu, and the pond is frequently flushed with water to increase oxygen. Starting on the second day after entering the pond, feed live bait such as zooplankton and bloodworms, then gradually mix fish paste and floating pellet compound feed with live bait for feeding, and domesticate them until they can be fed fish mince and floating pellet feed. The daily feeding amount is 15% of the body weight of the fish in the pond, fed in 3 portions. In the first 3 days before starting feeding, for every 50 kg of fish, use 3 g of oxytetracycline and 1 g of vitamin C, mix into the feed and feed once a day for 3 consecutive times. After more than 20 days, when the fry grow to 4-6 cm, they are separated into large ponds for rearing.
3. Feeding management. After screening, the bass are divided by size and reared in separate ponds, with a stocking density of 2,500-3,500 fish per mu, maintaining a water depth of more than 1.5 m, with suitable pond water fertility, a transparency of 30 cm, and an oily green color. Feed twice a day, mainly with fish mince and floating pellet feed, with vitamin B and C added to the feed; the daily feeding amount is 60% of the body weight of the fish in the pond. Every month, mix oxytetracycline, vitamins and other substances into the bait and feed twice, each time for 3 consecutive days. Patrol the pond every day, turn on the aerator for oxygenation at night or when the weather is muggy and air pressure is low, replace the water in time, and keep the pond water fresh.
Water Temperature Conditions for Bass Farming
Bass can forage and grow normally when the water temperature is above 14 degrees. Bass are bottom-dwelling fish and like to live in water that is clean and has a relatively high dissolved oxygen content (4-6 mg per liter, transparency 30-40 cm). New water should be added flexibly and in a timely manner according to water color and transparency. In the early stage, because the fish are small and the temperature is low, water quality is easy to control, so the cycle for adding and changing water can be longer. As the fish grow and the biomass in the fish pond increases, patrol the pond frequently, often inject new water, and reasonably use the aerator for oxygenation.
What Bass Eat
1. The prey targets of bass change according to the growth stage. After absorbing egg yolk for about 2 weeks, the larvae take in plankton; after growing to 2 cm, they prey on insects or small shrimp in the water; when they grow to 8 cm, they become carnivorous fish that prey on small fish. When they reach the 20 cm growth stage, they prey on any prey they can control, such as earthworms, shrimp, frogs, small birds, and so on. Bass have very strong curiosity and desire, and can prey on prey that is 10%-70% of their own body size.
2. Generally, the main prey is prey that is 30%-40% of their own body size, and among fish prey they prefer slender small fish. The more mature the bass, the more they prefer predation actions with a small range of movement. Bass mostly want to obtain a lot of nutrition at one time, so they like to prey on larger or easy-to-catch prey. On the other hand, bass have an instinct to adjust population numbers, which is a characteristic of animals at the top of the food chain. If there are too many individual bass in the habitat area, they may also prey on their own young. According to research, 45% of bass fry are eaten by other bass before they grow to 3 cm.
Common Bass Diseases and Prevention
1. Enteritis disease. Prepare furazolidone medicated bait at an addition amount of 0.1%, and feed continuously for 5-7 days.
2. Fish lice disease. Splash crystal trichlorfon over the whole pond so that the pond water contains 0.25×10-6-0.3×10-6 of the drug, then apply the drug again after 3 days; generally two treatments can cure it.
3. Black body disease. There is no effective prevention and control method yet; quarantine of fry and fingerlings should be strengthened, and diseased fish should be isolated and destroyed in time.
4. Saprolegniasis. Replace with new water, maintain good water quality, and soak with 6×10-6 malachite green for 5-10 minutes.
The water temperature for freshwater bass generally cannot be lower than 14 degrees, so it must be controlled well. During farming, the farming site should be disinfected, then you should understand what it likes to eat and feed it reasonably. Freshwater bass can also be attacked by diseases, so disease prevention is also very important.