How to Raise Marine Shrimp: Marine Shrimp Farming Techniques and Precautions
Speaking of the farming industry, it can be said to be a very hot project at present. Many friends who like aquatic organisms will raise some fish, shrimp, etc. for ornamental purposes. Of course, many people simply engage in large-scale farming of some aquatic products to bring relatively considerable economic benefits. Shrimp farming is the first choice for many people, but different types of shrimp also differ in farming. Below, let us talk about the farming methods for marine shrimp.
How to Raise Marine Shrimp
1. Farming facilities
The pond area should preferably be 4-10 mu, with a depth of 1-1.5 m and a slope ratio of 1:2.5. The pond bottom should be flat, and the bottom soil should preferably be loam. The pond slope soil should be relatively hard, the pond should have good water retention, and the water level should be easy to regulate. The water source should be sufficient and the water quality should be pollution-free. According to the layout of high-level irrigation and low-level drainage, build the inlet and drainage channels well, so that water can be let in and drained out.
2. Preparation before stocking
Thoroughly clear the pond and disinfect it. 20-30 days before stocking shrimp fry and shrimp seed, drain the pond water, remove excess sludge, repair the pond embankments, and use 75 kg of quicklime per mu or drugs such as bleaching powder and bleaching powder concentrate to thoroughly clear the pond and disinfect it.
3. Stocking shrimp fry and shrimp seed
Summer stocking mode. Mainly stock the first batch of young shrimp hatched in the current year. The stocking time is in mid-to-late July, and the size of the young shrimp is above 0.8 cm. Stock 30,000-40,000 shrimp per mu.
4. Scientific feeding
At the juvenile shrimp stage, they feed on rotifers, cladocerans, copepods, and aquatic insect larvae. At the adult shrimp stage, they also eat animal feed and plant feed. After shrimp fry and shrimp seed are stocked, fertilizers should be applied in a timely manner to fertilize the water quality. During the rapid growth stage of Procambarus clarkii from August to October, feed more wheat bran, soybean cake, and green feed, and appropriately provide animal feed.
5. Daily management
Establish a pond inspection system. Inspect the pond every day, and take countermeasures promptly when abnormalities are found. Prevent escape and disease. Strengthen inspections during the flood season and strictly prevent shrimp from escaping. Do a good job in disease prevention and control and removal of enemies.
Marine Shrimp Farming Techniques and Precautions
I. Farming techniques
1. Pond disinfection
Sludge removal: Sludge removal means removing the 15-20 cm surface layer of sludge at the pond bottom. The sludge removal time should be arranged in winter after shrimp harvest each year, after the pond is dried. Special attention should be paid to the four corners of the pond. If conditions permit, plowing the pond bottom is best, and this is especially important for shrimp ponds with particularly thick mud at the bottom. Drying the pond can kill various pathogens and other enemy organisms and improve the bottom environment.
2. Putting in shrimp fry
Shrimp fry quality assessment: Shrimp fry quality is the key to determining the success or failure of shrimp farming. The simplest and most direct way to judge whether shrimp fry are healthy is to scoop up shrimp fry from different water layers and observe whether there are individuals that are deformed, dead, or not vigorous. If this phenomenon occurs, it indicates that the shrimp fry in the pond are already carrying or showing disease. If such shrimp fry are purchased, it may lead to complete farming failure, and the survival rate will be greatly affected.
Stocking density: For different farming species, the stocking density is different. Taking the farming of black tiger shrimp as an example, when an aerator is installed, it is appropriate to stock 800-10,000 fry per mu at a water depth of 1 m.
3. Stocking method
When stocking, choose the leeward side, that is, the side from which the wind blows from the back, to prevent shrimp fry from being blown toward the shore by the wind. After the shrimp fry arrive at the shrimp pond, the packaging bags should be soaked in water for 30 minutes so that the water temperature inside the bags is close to that of the pond. When stocking, let water slowly flow into the bags, then slowly lift the bottom of the bags so that the shrimp fry swim out slowly.
II. Farming techniques
1. Water disinfection: In order to prevent disease, disinfect the shrimp pond once with chlorine dioxide 10-15 days before stocking, at a concentration of 0.05-0.08 ppm.
2. Increase dissolved oxygen: Because fertilizing the water produces a large amount of phytoplankton, phytoplankton produce a large amount of oxygen through photosynthesis to supply the farmed organisms. High dissolved oxygen can remove or reduce harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen in the pond and maintain a good ecological environment in the shrimp pond.
The Difference Between Marine Shrimp and River Shrimp
Marine shrimp include prawns, nine-segment shrimp, and greasyback shrimp, etc. They are larger in size, with a white and transparent body, slightly with small blue or red spots, and a very thin but relatively hard shell. Because they grow in a seawater environment, their salt and iodine content is slightly higher than that of river shrimp, and they are usually less contaminated. From the perspective of traditional Chinese medicine, marine shrimp are warm and damp in nature and sweet and salty in taste, with a stronger kidney-tonifying effect.
River shrimp are mainly freshwater shrimp, with a blue-green body and brown markings, and a very thin and relatively soft shell. Although they are smaller in size, their protein content is in no way inferior to that of marine shrimp, and their calcium content is also higher. However, because river water is easily polluted, the quality of the shrimp may be affected.
How to Select Marine Shrimp
1. Live shrimp: For live shrimp, it is best to choose those sinking at the bottom of the tank. Most of those floating to the surface are there because of lack of oxygen, though some dead shrimp also sink to the bottom. Usually, those with a transparent appearance and shiny shell are best. If part of the body appears white and activity is reduced, do not buy them.
2. Ice-fresh shrimp: Choose shrimp with a blue head, white belly, transparent back, intact body, dense carapace, clear and distinct shell, firm muscle, elastic body, and dry and clean body surface, indicating good freshness. Usually, those with a tight connection between the head and body are fresher.
Marine shrimp can be regarded as a kind of treasure, so naturally they also have very important significance in farming projects. Using marine shrimp as an agricultural aquaculture project has very important farming value. The farming prospects for marine shrimp are very good, and they can also bring relatively considerable economic benefits to farmers.