What conditions are needed for river shrimp farming? A detailed explanation of the farming environment requirements
SummaryPond requirements: You need to choose a pond with loam soil as the pond bottom, relatively hard soil on the pond slope, good water retention without leakage, and easily regulated water levels, with an area of about 3-5 mu. Water quality requirements: The water body for farming river shrimp can be the same water body used for farming fish. Base fertilizer can be used to fertilize the pond water. In the first month, the food source for shrimp fry is the plankton in the pond. Farming methods: At present, the most common methods for farming river shrimp are intensive pond culture and shrimp-rice co-culture, which can be chosen according to one's own conditions.
How reasonably the pond is built directly determines whether the farming succeeds and how high the yield will be. For a shrimp pond, you need to choose a pond with loam soil as the bottom, relatively hard soil on the pond slope, good water retention, and easily regulated water levels. Generally, ponds and water bodies suitable for farming fish can also be used for farming river shrimp. Sandy soil cannot be used for burrowing, so river shrimp cannot be farmed in it. At present, the main river shrimp farming models are intensive culture and shrimp-rice co-culture.
1. Building an intensive culture pond
When building an intensive culture pond, pay attention to the pond slope, generally 1:2.5-3 m is most suitable. If the pond is relatively large, a ridge can be built every 3-5 mu to encourage the shrimp to burrow and increase shrimp yield.
2. Building a shrimp-rice co-culture pond
For better flood control, choose rice fields with wide ridges. Leave a 1-1.5 m platform between the rice field ridge and the surrounding ditch. This platform can prevent collapse and also make shrimp harvesting easier. The ridge surface of the rice field should be more than 2.5 m wide, the ridge height 60-1.3 m, and the ditch width 3-5 m. The pond ridge surface should be 2 m wide, the ridge height more than 1.5 m, and the slope ratio 1:6 m.
Six key steps for river shrimp farming
1. Pond requirements. Choose a shrimp pond or freshwater pond with an area of 3-5 mu, a water depth of 1.5-2.5 m, an unpolluted and sufficient water source, and a loam pond bottom.
2. Fertilizing to cultivate bait. One week before releasing the fry, filter the incoming water through a 60-80 mesh silk screen to 30 cm, and apply 50 kg of fermented livestock and poultry manure base fertilizer or 5 kg of urea per mu to cultivate the basic bait needed by the shrimp fry.
3. Releasing shrimp fry. Generally, shrimp fry are released in late May when the water temperature is 18-20°C. Before the shrimp fry enter the pond, they need to undergo desalination treatment for more than 7 days, and they can be released when the specific gravity is below 1.003. The release density is 30,000-40,000 fry of 0.7-1.0 cm per mu. If the size is below 0.7 cm, they need to be temporarily cultured first. The shrimp pond can be polycultured with 80-150 silver carp and bighead carp fingerlings of 10-20 cm.
4. Feed feeding. In the first month after the shrimp fry are put into the pond, they mainly feed on the plankton in the pond, and basically do not need compound feed. One month after being put into the pond, feed compound feed and appropriately add some fresh fish and shellfish meat. The feed feeding amount is generally 3-5% of the shrimp body weight. From July to September, on the premise that there is no leftover feed, the feed feeding amount can be appropriately increased. The feeding frequency is 2-3 times per day, with daytime feeding accounting for 1/3 of the total feed for the day and evening feeding accounting for 2/3.
5. Water quality regulation. Start slowly adding water 10 days after stocking the shrimp fry, adding 10-15 cm of water each week. In hot seasons, change the water once every 2-3 days, 20-30 cm each time. About every 15 days, use 5-10 kg of quicklime per mu, slake it into slurry, and splash it over the entire pond. This can sterilize and promote molting and growth of the shrimp fry, while also regulating the water quality and bottom soil, achieving two goals at once. At the same time, 15-20 days after releasing the fry, medicated bait should be mixed with 1-3‰ garlic and fed continuously for 3-5 days.
6. Harvesting for market. Usually after 80-100 days of farming, when the shrimp body length reaches about 7-10 cm, they can be harvested for market sale. When harvesting, the water can be drained to collect them, or nets can be used. After leaving the water for 36 hours, dry live transport can be used, with a survival rate as high as 90%.