What are the conditions for black carp farming? Site selection and pond construction, scientific feeding and water quality regulation
AbstractFish pond: choose a location with good water quality to build the fish pond. Seedling selection: choose robust, well-proportioned and lively fry, and disinfect the fry before stocking. Fish bait: scientifically proportion the fish bait, and do not put in too much at one time, which would cause water pollution. Feeding: feed reasonably at fixed points and fixed times. Water quality: aerate the fish pond on cloudy days, during the rainy season and in summer. Water changing: change the pond water regularly by the small-drainage small-intake method, and disinfect with quicklime every one month.
1. Fish pond construction
For farming black carp, choose a place with good water quality, sufficient and flowing water, and water quality meeting the conditions for farming standards. The pond should also be set up where drainage and irrigation are smooth, the ecological environment is good, there is no pollution, and feed resources are abundant. The farming area is about 20 mu, the water depth is about 2.3 m, and the thickness of the mud in the pond is best controlled at about 20 cm. In addition, one oxygen machine and one feeder should be provided for every ten mu.
In winter, drain the water in the pond, dry it for about 20 days, inject 20 cm of water for disinfection, sprinkle in quicklime water, wait until the water quality is completely dissolved, then add water and release the fish for rearing.
2. Seedling selection and farming
When selecting black carp fry, it is best to choose robust, well-proportioned and lively fry; these fry have relatively good and strong development capacity and physique. Note that if the fish stock is introduced from outside, it must pass inspection and disinfection before it can be put into the pond for free-range rearing. Chlorine dioxide can be used for soaking and disinfection, and about 20 mg of potassium permanganate can also be used; generally about 30 minutes is enough for disinfection, or soaking in table salt for about 20 minutes can also disinfect. Finally, when stocking, the fish stock can be put in at a ratio of 8:2.
3. Scientific bait proportioning
Black carp generally feed on edible aquatic plants and active organisms in the water. When farming artificially, we need to reasonably adopt scientifically proportioned bait ingredients to improve the conversion rate of black carp feed. Do not cause food to accumulate at the bottom of the pond because of putting in too much food, leading to rot and deterioration that affects water quality. When building the fish pond, in order to reduce feeding costs, we can add a certain amount of fish grass powder, which can both meet the special requirements of black carp for black carp fiber and help black carp grow healthily and quickly.
4. Reasonable feeding
During the seedling stage of black carp, to make it convenient for the black carp to eat, we need to crush and soak the bait, and feed only after it is all ground, which can promote digestion in black carp. Feed reasonably; when feeding, we need to feed at fixed times and fixed points. Generally about three times a day is enough, and the amount of feeding also needs to be controlled to increase or decrease according to the feeding situation. The food intake of black carp must not be controlled suddenly; the daily increase should be controlled at about 10%, and the decrease should be controlled at about 5%. Also note that the bait fed must not be moldy, rotten or expired bait.
5. Water quality management
During the rearing process, we can use an oxygen machine for water quality management. Generally from June to November, aerate in the early morning on cloudy days and during the rainy season; when the sun comes out and the temperature is high, aerate at about 1-3 pm every day, for about two hours.
6. Regular water changing and disinfection
In order to keep the water quality fresh, regularly inject new water into the pond by the small-drainage small-intake method. Generally inject new water about every three days, with each water volume at about 10 cm. Disinfect with quicklime every one month; about 20 kg of quicklime dissolved in water and then sprinkled is enough.