Carp Farming Techniques and Stocking Density: Daily Pond Management Is Key
AbstractSite selection: It is advisable to choose an area with no pollution, abundant water sources and far from towns for construction. Pond: After disinfection, apply an appropriate amount of fertilizer, and install filter screens on the drainage outlet to prevent escape. Seedling selection: Choose fry of uniform size, free of disease and with strong swimming ability. Density: Mainly determined by the regional climate environment and water quality. Feeding: Train the carp to feed at fixed points. Management: Observe the growth condition of the carp, reasonably adjust the feed formula, actively prevent and control diseases, and supplement oxygen in time when there is a shortage. Overwintering: When ice forms, oxygen-releasing ice holes need to be opened.
1. Building the Pond
The pond for farming carp should first be built in an area with no pollution, abundant water sources and far from towns, and abandoned ponds can also be renovated. For example, ponds left over from previous farming of crabs, freshwater shrimp and turtles can be renovated. The pond area is best at about 1.5 mu. If the abandoned pond is too small, it can be appropriately expanded. The pond depth is about 2.5 m. After draining all the water from the pond, let it dry for about one week, then splash limewater for comprehensive disinfection.
2. Farming Conditions
After disinfection is completed, apply fertilizer, using about 600 jin of farmyard manure, then wrap the inlet and outlet with filter screens to prevent debris from entering the pond. The front end of the gate at the drainage outlet also needs to be wrapped with a filter screen to prevent the carp from escaping. After the debris in the pond is cleaned up, fill it with water. After filling, let it settle for about 10 days, then isolate the pond edge with fishing nets to prevent poultry from entering the pond, and prepare to stock the fry.
3. Seedling Selection
Order fry from large farms, and buy fry of uniform size, free of disease and with strong swimming ability. After purchase, the fry should be loaded into net cages for transport, and oxygen should be supplemented in time during transport, which helps reduce damage to the fry. After the fry are transported to the farm, they should be properly held temporarily. First take out about 10 fry for trial rearing and observe their condition in the water. If no abnormality appears within 24 hours, all the fry can be put into the farm.
4. Farming Density
In general, about 3000 jin of carp per mu of pond is best, and about 300 jin of other fish species can be added. If the number farmed is too large, diseases are likely to occur, leading to increased farming costs. Generally, grass carp, silver carp and bighead carp are used for mixed farming. The specific farming density can be adjusted according to differences in region, environment, climate, water quality, farming techniques and inputs.
5. Fixed-Point Feeding
After the fry are put into the pond, there is no need to feed them for about 10 days. The plankton in the pond can ensure a food supply for a period of time. During this time, prepare the feed first, and then domesticated feeding can begin. In the early stage of domestication, first place feed in every corner of the pond. Once the fry have adapted to the feed, gradually narrow the feeding range and increase the intensity of domestication. After domestication is completely successful, feeding can be carried out at fixed points. Domesticated farming is helpful for later management.
6. Later Management
Later management mainly involves observing the growth of the carp through feeding. If the carp have a poor appetite and only a small number of fish come to eat each time, the feed formula should be appropriately adjusted. If the effect is not good, the carp may have a disease, and medication should be given in time. If the carp are found to remain stagnant for a long time or float to the pond surface breathing with their mouths, then the carp are short of oxygen, and oxygen should be supplemented in time. Patrol and observe every day whether the isolation net has any abnormality, and repair it in time if it is damaged.
7. Overwintering Treatment
Overwintering carp is very troublesome. If the pond freezes, use tools in time to open oxygen-releasing ice holes. If it rains, clear an area in the center of the pond, sweeping out an open area about 6 m wide and about 10 m long, which helps improve the transparency of the pond bottom, so that the carp can overwinter normally.