How much does silver carp farming generally cost
AbstractIn a farming model mainly based on silver carp, the farming cost is 1.5 yuan/jin; in a farming model mainly based on bighead carp, the cost is 1.8 yuan/jin. However, during the farming process, the stocking density must be reasonably controlled, and the work of fertilizing and topdressing the water quality must be done well, applying fertilizer according to the characteristics of different fertilizers, so as to increase returns.
The cost of farming silver carp is about 1.5 yuan/jin, and the cost of farming bighead carp is 1.8 yuan/jin. The modern new concept of farming carp is mainly to cultivate the water once to be sufficiently fertile, and then use the existing fertilized fertile water for fertilization. Give full play to the role of the autotrophic and heterotrophic mixed culture system. In order to expand the feed sources of carp such as organic detritus and bioflocs, fertilizers, carbon sources and beneficial bacteria can be added to achieve the purpose of fast growth and high yield.
1. Stocking density of fry
The target yield of fish is determined by the number of fry stocked. Taking bighead carp farming as an example, if the planned net yield per mu is about 600 jin and all are to be sold, then 90 bighead carp fry of over 1 jin each, 30-40 bighead carp fry of 1.5 jin each, and 30 silver carp fry of 0.5 jin each need to be stocked.
2. Master the techniques of fertilization and water conditioning
1. Do a good job of applying base fertilizer. In early spring when the water temperature is relatively low, 200-300 jin of decomposed and fermented chicken manure can be applied per mu.
2. During the first water cultivation, the water body can be cultivated to sufficient fertility, after which topdressing can be carried out in small amounts and multiple times.
3. The types, usage and dosage of topdressing are: use 10 kg of ammonium bicarbonate per mu each time, or 7-8 kg of ammonium chloride, dissolve in water and splash over the entire pond. From June to September, on sunny afternoons from 5-7 pm, use 2 kg of urea per mu for dry broadcasting over the whole pond, use 5-10 kg of phosphate fertilizer such as superphosphate per mu or 2 kg of water-soluble fertilizer, and use 2-3 kg of carbon source per mu. Use 200 g of beneficial bacteria such as live water enzyme, EM bacteria, Bacillus, etc. per mu, but they must be soaked for 2 hours to activate before application on sunny days. If dead fish appear, they cannot be used; the fish disease must be cured first before using the bacterial strains. Phosphate fertilizer, carbon source and bacterial strains cannot be dry broadcast; they need to be dissolved in water first and then splashed over the whole pond. The topdressing intervals are: phosphate fertilizer once every 5-7 days, urea and carbon source once every 3-5 days, and beneficial bacteria about once every 10 days.
3. Precautions for farming silver carp
1. In order to avoid situations such as pond turnover, the fertility of the water body must be well controlled, and the water transparency should be 20-25cm.
2. Do a good job of water quality testing and regulation. At noon, the pH value of the water body must not exceed 9; if it is too high, carbon source and Bacillus need to be used to regulate the water quality. In addition, the nitrite in the water body should be controlled at 0.05mg/L, and the ammonia nitrogen content should be controlled at 0.2-0.3mg/L. If the water body is abnormal, adjust the water quality in time so that the water body maintains the characteristics of “fertile, active, tender and refreshing”.
3. In order to prevent excessive toxins in the water body, regular detoxification must be done well; during high temperature periods, do it once every 15 days, using stress-relief detoxification agent or sodium thiosulfate for detoxification.
4. The application of carbon source and phosphate fertilizer is not affected by weather; if applied on cloudy and rainy days, the dosage needs to be halved. Urea or other nitrogen fertilizers and beneficial bacteria must be applied on sunny days. If applied after October, nitrogen fertilizers such as ammonium bicarbonate or ammonium chloride can be selected.
5. If the water does not become fertile after fertilization, corresponding solutions should be adopted according to various situations caused by different reasons. If there are many zooplankton, local killing methods can be used. Cypermethrin and abamectin can be selected for disinfection, and the insecticide should be sprayed along the perimeter of the pond or reservoir within a range of about 0.5m in the morning. The dosage of the insecticide should be determined according to 1/3 of the water surface area. If it is caused by old water, water quality regulation methods such as adding photosynthetic bacteria and injecting new water should be adopted.
6. In order to reduce the load brought to the water body by the fish, 1-2 harvests can be made in the middle of the farming period for sale on the market.
7. If a relatively large water body area is used for high-density farming of bighead carp and silver carp, then a clear farming plan must be made for the farming site at the beginning of the year.