How to Grow Rapeseed? A Detailed Guide to Cultivation Techniques
Rapeseed is the seed of the rapeseed crop, and it is also one of China's main oil crops and nectar-source crops, and its cultivation is spread throughout the country. Let's learn about the cultivation techniques for rapeseed below.
An introduction to rapeseed cultivation techniques!
1. Choosing the site and selecting seeds
You should choose rapeseed with characteristics such as high yield, high quality ("double-low", high oil content, etc.), and high resistance (lodging resistance, tolerance to sclerotinia, etc.). In addition, use dryland soil or garden soil that is loose and fertile, convenient for irrigation and drainage, relatively flat in terrain, and where rapeseed has not been grown for more than 2 years as the seedbed land.
2. Land preparation and fertilization
Before sowing, carefully prepare the seedbed. Mix 1.25 tons of decomposed pig and cattle manure as farmyard manure, 20 kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 25 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and 6 kg of potassium chloride per mu, pile and compost for about 10 days, and use it as base fertilizer for the land while preparing the seedbed.
3. Sowing and raising seedlings
Winter rapeseed is sown in early to mid-September (spring rapeseed is planted in April). Per mu, mix 1 kg of borax + burnt soil ash + 0.4-0.5 kg of rapeseed evenly and broadcast sow. Before sowing, the bed surface should maintain a certain humidity. In dry weather, irrigate promptly, otherwise the seedling emergence rate will be greatly affected. After sowing, cover with burnt soil ash, and while moist, spray acetochlor on the bed surface to prevent weed growth.
4. Seedling-stage management
After turning green in spring, carry out intertillage and weeding to prevent soil compaction, preserve moisture, and eliminate competition for water and fertilizer, and spray New High-Fat Film to enhance the above effects. During the bud and bolting stage, spray Zhuangsui Ling to enhance smooth nutrient transport in the plant, strengthen seedlings and stems, promote the absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium and the supplementation of trace elements, facilitate bud and bolting formation, and promote rapid and robust growth of pods, laying the foundation for a bumper harvest.
5. Field management
Weeding: After transplanting, promptly check for missing seedlings and fill gaps. Before the winter solstice, combine intertillage and weeding with one round of earthing up around the roots.
Fertilizer and water: 7-10 days after transplanting, apply 2 kg of urea per mu diluted in water, and apply 0.6 tons of human excrement and urine as farmyard manure per mu diluted in water. Spray boron fertilizer before rapeseed flowering, evenly spraying about 30 kg of water mixed with 0.2 kg of borax per mu.
Pest and disease control: At the seedling stage, mainly strengthen control of cabbage caterpillars, aphids, cutworms, mole crickets, and other pests as well as downy mildew. At the flowering stage, mainly control sclerotinia and prevent excessive growth. At the green pod stage, mainly strengthen control of aphids and white rust.
After rapeseed matures, harvest and dry it promptly. If rainy weather occurs, use methods such as drying or sealing to prevent mildew.