Detailed Explanation of Key Points of Organic Grape Cultivation Techniques
People's lives are increasingly focused on health, especially when it comes to eating; they prioritize healthy, nutritious foods, for example they prefer organic fruit, so what are the organic grape cultivation techniques?
1. Choosing the site
The site should be chosen with a large temperature difference between day and night, open terrain, abundant sunlight, good ventilation, and good drainage and irrigation, far from urban areas, industrial and mining areas, main traffic lines, industrial pollution sources, household waste sites, etc.; its ecological environment should be suitable for organic grape production, the soil environmental quality should meet the Grade II standard in GB15618-1995, the pH value should be 7-7.5 and the soil should be relatively loose, and the depth of the motor-pumped well should be 200 m; the irrigation water quality should meet the provisions of GB5084, and the ambient air quality should meet the Grade II standard in GB3095-1996 and the provisions of GB9137.
2. Variety selection
Choose the Hutai No. 8 early-to-mid-season grape variety, which has good disease resistance, good stress resistance and excellent quality.
3. Cultivation method
Adopt rain-shelter cultivation; the trellis system can be selected according to the rain-shelter cultivation conditions as a double-cross “V” trellis, a flying “bird” small canopy trellis or a flat canopy trellis. Choose polyethylene, polypropylene or polycarbonate products, and remove them from the soil promptly after use.
4. Plant management
The plant management of organic grapes is the same as that of conventional grape production, such as determining the pruning and retention intensity and renewal method of fruiting canes according to variety characteristics, trellis features, tree age, yield, etc., and carrying out reasonable winter pruning; during the grape growing season, summer pruning measures such as bud removal, shoot thinning, shoot tip pinching, and lateral shoot treatment are used to shape and control the tree body, enhance ventilation and light penetration, and thereby reduce disease occurrence.
5. Flower and fruit management
Treat grape clusters by thinning flowers, fruit, clusters and berries, so as to control yield and improve fruit quality. In vineyards that have entered the full fruiting stage, the yield per mu should be strictly controlled within 1000 kg.
6. Field management
During the grape growing season, cultivate and loosen the soil in time to keep the soil loose, with a loosening depth of 10 cm-20 cm; after fruit harvest each year, carry out deep plowing of the whole orchard in combination with autumn application of base fertilizer, deeply plowing all the soil outside the planting holes to a depth of 30 cm-40 cm. In the early stage of production, purchase certified organic fertilizer. In the grape production park, combine “orchard grass growing - livestock farming (raising chickens, ducks, sheep)” and so on to make green manure or compost. Absolutely do not use chemical fertilizers; do not use substances containing genetically modified organisms as fertilizer; restrict the use of human excreta and urine, and when they need to be used, carry out full decomposition and harmless treatment. Adopt micro-sprinkler irrigation and strengthen monitoring of water quality around organic grape production, so as to avoid affecting organic grape production due to water quality pollution.
Organic grapes should be planted according to the production technical standards of international organic agriculture, and certified by an independent organic food certification body to allow the use of the organic food label.