How much is kiwifruit per jin? With key cultivation techniques for 2019
Kiwifruit is a healthy fruit rich in vitamins, and there are red-fleshed and yellow-fleshed types, which also differ somewhat in sweetness. Kiwifruit is grown more in southern regions, because geography, climate and other factors have certain requirements. So roughly how much is kiwifruit per jin in 2019? With key cultivation techniques.
1. Roughly how much is kiwifruit per jin in 2019?
Recently the price of kiwifruit has risen somewhat, basically 4-6 yuan per jin, and it is also affected by factors such as variety, region, time of listing and fruit size, so a certain difference is normal. According to information from relevant websites, we can learn that recent kiwifruit price changes are as follows:
Xinfadi Agricultural Products Wholesale Market in Fengtai District, Beijing: kiwifruit price 6.8 yuan/kg; Dayanglu Agricultural and Sideline Products Wholesale Market in Chaoyang District, Beijing: kiwifruit price 10.0 yuan/kg; Tongzhou Baliquao Agricultural Products Central Wholesale Market in Beijing: 12.0 yuan/kg; Qiaoxi Vegetable Central Wholesale Market in Shijiazhuang: 8.2 yuan/kg; Jinxin Melon and Fruit Wholesale Market in Changzhi City, Shanxi: 10.0 yuan/kg.
2. Key points of kiwifruit cultivation techniques
1. Site selection
It is best to choose a mountainous area with convenient transportation, sufficient light, close to a water source, moderate rainfall and slightly high humidity, with loose, well-aerated sandy loam or sandy soil, or hilly and mountainous land with loose humus-rich soil, as the orchard site. After the site is determined, first plan roads, drainage and irrigation systems, and a fertilizer storage room, then plan ventilation trenches in the planting area.
The main trellis methods used in kiwifruit cultivation include: T-shaped trellis, hedge trellis, tripod trellis, greenhouse trellis and so on. A flat-topped greenhouse trellis is mostly used; existing small-diameter trees can be used on site as living posts, plus some replaceable bamboo or wooden posts, with concrete posts used at key positions. The on-site trellis height is 1.8 m, with No. 10-12 iron wire crisscrossing to form a ”well”-shaped network, with wire spacing of about 60 cm.
2. Fertilization
The amount of fertilizer applied is determined according to the kiwifruit variety, the planned yield and the soil fertility status. Before planting, 2.5 kg of fruit-tree fertilizer can be applied once per plant in the pit or trench, and young trees use the method of small amounts applied many times. Thereafter, fertilizer is generally applied 3 times a year: 1 basal application and 2 topdressings. The basal fertilizer, also known as winter fertilizer, is applied after the fruit is harvested, with 20 kg of organic fertilizer per plant, mixed with 1.5 kg of phosphate fertilizer.
The first topdressing is applied after sprouting, with 2 kg of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer per plant, to plump up the spring shoots and fruiting trees; the second is applied before the peak growth period, and fruit-tree fertilizer or compound fertilizer can be applied. Because the roots of kiwifruit are fleshy roots, chemical fertilizer should be applied in a shallow trench somewhat away from the roots and then covered with soil, to avoid burning the roots. After fertilizing in the dry season, irrigation must be carried out.
3. Training, pruning and fruit thinning
Branch training depends on the trellis method, and the trellis surface should be fully used so that branches are evenly distributed, thereby achieving the goal of high yield and good quality.
Kiwifruit pruning is divided into winter pruning, summer pruning and male-plant pruning. Winter pruning is carried out from after leaf fall to 1 month before early-spring sprouting, mainly thinning, with moderate heading back. Keep more main vines and fruiting canes, and cut out overly dense large branches, weak slender branches, crossing branches and diseased or pest-damaged branches. Summer pruning is mainly carried out from mid-May to early July, including bud removal, pinching, thinning and tying, promptly removing sprouts on the trunk and arranging space for branches and vines. Male-plant pruning is carried out after flowering in May-June. Keep 3-4 branches per plant, keep 4-6 buds per branch, and pinch the tip when the new shoot grows to 1 m.
Generally, fruit thinning is carried out 1 month after flowering. Keep the middle fruit and thin the side fruit, achieving 1 fruit per 4-5 leaves. Generally, keep 1-2 fruits every 20 cm on ordinary branches, and keep 5-6 fruits every 20-25 cm on weak branches. For a plant yield of 50 kg, 500-600 fruits should be retained.
4. Pest and disease control
The main diseases harming kiwifruit include anthracnose, root-knot nematode disease, damping-off, seedling blight, root rot, fruit soft rot and so on. Among them, anthracnose harms both stems and leaves and fruits, and can be controlled by spraying 800-fold carbendazim 2-3 times at sprouting. For root-knot nematode disease, fertilizer and water management should be strengthened, and isofenphos-methyl or 30% carbofuran poisonous soil should be used for control.