How to Treat Sesame Leaf Diseases? A Detailed Guide to Prevention and Control Methods
With the widespread cultivation of sesame, sesame leaf diseases occur in all sesame-producing areas, seriously affecting the quality and yield of sesame. With the widespread cultivation of sesame, leaf diseases occur in all sesame-producing areas, seriously affecting the quality and yield of sesame. So how do you treat sesame leaf diseases?
1. Leaf spot disease
Sesame leaf spot disease is a common disease in sesame fields in China. Sesame leaf spot disease is also known as sesame cercospora grey star disease and sesame snake-eye disease. It mainly damages leaves, stems and capsules. There are two common symptoms on leaves. The pathogen overwinters as mycelium on seeds and diseased residues, produces new conidia the following spring, and spreads via wind and rain; infection is likely during the flowering period.
Prevention and control methods
(1) Use disease-free seeds, and soak the seeds in warm water at 53-55°C for 10 minutes to kill the mycelium on the seeds.
(2) Practice crop rotation.
(3) After harvest, clean the field promptly, remove diseased residues, and plow the soil deeply at the appropriate time.
(4) Spray fungicides before flowering when symptoms first appear; for the types of pesticides to use, see sesame leaf spot disease.
2. Leaf blight
For prevention and control: First, choose disease-resistant varieties, and soak the seeds in warm water at 53°C for 5 min. Second, practice crop rotation, and promptly remove diseased residues after harvest. Third, strengthen field management of sesame, avoid branches and leaves covering the ground, drain water promptly after rain, and prevent moisture from lingering. Fourth, at the early stage of the disease, spray 70% thiophanate-methyl wettable powder at 800 times dilution, or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder at 600 times dilution, or 50% benomyl wettable powder at 1500 times dilution, or 30% Ludebao suspension concentrate at 500 times dilution, or 47% Kasugamycin-plus-wettable powder at 700~800 times dilution, once every 7~10 d, for 2~3 consecutive sprays.