What are the planting times and methods for peanuts?

SummaryPlanting time: the suitable sowing period for the spring-autumn double-cropping peanut region in the south is from February to mid-March. Land leveling: the plot for planting peanuts should be deep-plowed. Cultivated varieties: the Fuhua series varieties and the Jifu series varieties. Scientific fertilization: 30 tons of farmyard manure can be applied per mu. Replanting and thinning: complete the work of thinning and fixing the seedlings from late May to early June. Clearing the plants to promote seedling establishment: gently scrape the 2 cotyledons out of the ground with your hands. Timely hoeing and ridging: it helps the pegs penetrate into the soil.

I. Planting time

1. The suitable sowing period for the spring-summer peanut rotation region in the Yangtze River Basin is from March to late April, the suitable sowing period for the spring-autumn double-cropping peanut region in the south is from February to mid-March, and the suitable sowing period for the large peanut region and peanut production region in the north is from late April to early May.

2. When sowing peanuts, sowing can only be done when the soil temperature at a depth of 10cm stays above 15°C for 5 consecutive days, or is stable above 15°C; sowing is not allowed when the temperature is below 11°C, to avoid the phenomenon of rotten seeds and dead seedlings. In summer peanut planting areas, intercropping can be chosen, and sowing earlier helps increase yield.

II. Land leveling

1. Peanut is an economic crop that flowers above ground and, after forming pegs, drills into the ground to bear fruit. Therefore, it is suitable for planting in loose sandy soil or oil-sand soil, and the plot for planting peanuts should be deep-plowed.

2. In combination with plowing, apply 30-40 tons of high-quality farmyard manure per mu, and after plowing, press and compact 1-2 times. Where conditions permit, irrigation can be done first, then farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer can be mixed and applied into the furrow, followed by ridging and pressing, ready for timely sowing.

III. Cultivated varieties

1. The peanut varieties suitable for planting mainly include the Fuhua series varieties and the Jifu series varieties, with a growth period of about 110-120 days.

2. Pods with uniform shape, large and plump, and unbroken can be selected as seeds. Before shelling, they need to be sun-dried for 1-3 days. After shelling, select seeds with pure grain color and uniform shape as seeds.

IV. Scientific fertilization

Generally, peanuts are relatively tolerant of barren soil. Fertilization is mainly based on base fertilizer, and 30 tons of farmyard manure can be applied per mu. Chemical fertilizer should be mainly phosphate fertilizer, applying 300-400 jin of diammonium phosphate per mu. For planting peanuts in barren land, add 200-300 jin of urea per mu.

V. Replanting and thinning

From late May to early June, investigation of the seedling condition needs to be carried out as early as possible. For fields with obvious missing seedlings, replanting needs to be carried out in time. Replanting can use the method of pre-germination and water-seated sowing, while completing the work of thinning and fixing the seedlings.

VI. Clearing the plants to promote seedling establishment

After the peanut seedlings emerge completely, dig a ring of soil around the seedlings at a distance of 2cm, then gently scrape the 2 cotyledons out of the ground with your hands. Clearing the plants to promote seedling establishment is generally carried out 3 days after the first hoeing and ridging.

VII. Timely hoeing and ridging

Start hoeing after the peanut seedlings emerge. Three days after hoeing, do the first ridging; after 15-20 days, do the second hoeing and ridging. Note that when earthing up, do not press the seedlings. At the end of the full flowering stage, finish the third hoeing and ridging. When closing the rows, ridge in four directions, which helps the pegs penetrate into the soil. At the same time, pay attention to pulling out weeds.

VIII. Reasonable topdressing

During the pod-setting and pod-filling stage of peanuts, according to the growth condition, foliar spray 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, as well as plant growth regulators such as Lufeng 95, which helps promote grain formation.

IX. Harvesting at the appropriate time

When the peanut leaves turn yellow and part of the stems and leaves dry up, harvesting can be carried out, generally in mid-September. After harvesting, sun-dry to reduce moisture, which helps promote after-ripening and improve seed maturity. Peanuts kept for seed need to be harvested and sun-dried before frost.