High-Yield Shiitake Mushroom Formula and 3 High-Yield Variety Recommendations
AbstractHigh-yield shiitake mushroom formula: taking 1 tonne of sawdust as 1 mixing unit, sawdust 78%, bran 20%, gypsum powder 1.7%, monopotassium phosphate 0.3%, material-to-water ratio 1:(0.8-1). High-yield shiitake mushroom varieties: the new shiitake strain 937 is a medium-low temperature type mid-season variety; Wuxiang No. 1 is a high-temperature type shiitake variety that can fruit in the high-temperature seasons of summer and autumn; shiitake mushroom 241-4 is a medium-low temperature type late-maturing strain.
I. High-Yield Shiitake Mushroom Formula
Generally, taking 1 tonne of sawdust as 1 mixing unit, sawdust 78%, bran 20%, gypsum powder 1.7%, monopotassium phosphate 0.3%, material-to-water ratio 1:(0.8-1).
II. High-Yield Shiitake Mushroom Varieties
1. New shiitake strain 937
(1) Characteristics: it is a medium-low temperature type mid-season variety. Generally cultured at suitable temperature in a conventional sawdust medium, the mycelium is white and stout, extends vigorously, and grows relatively fast; after the mycelium fully colonises, culturing can continue, and it readily forms white granular mycelial nodules. The fruiting bodies are solitary, of medium size, and the mushroom shape is relatively round and neat, uniform in size.
(2) Advantages: this variety has wide adaptability and strong stress resistance, is relatively tolerant of high temperatures, is not prone to log rot, has high yield and excellent quality. Generally under the same environmental conditions, it readily forms cracked, white flower shiitake mushrooms. It is a shiitake variety for stable yield, high yield, high efficiency and high quality in current bag-removal cultivation.
(3) Season: it can be planted in areas at altitudes of 100-1800 m. The suitable inoculation period in the southern provinces is April to June, and the fruiting period is from October to April of the following year.
(4) Temperature: the fruiting temperature is 8-22°C, and the suitable temperature is 12-18°C.
(5) Formula: mixed sawdust 76%, wheat bran 22%, gypsum 1%, sucrose 1%, with a water content of 62%.
2. Wuxiang No. 1
(1) Characteristics: it is a high-temperature type shiitake variety that can fruit in the high-temperature seasons of summer and autumn. The mycelial growth temperature range is 5-34°C, the more suitable temperature is 24-27°C, and the fruiting temperature is 5-30°C. Generally under relatively dry management, the fruiting body quality is good.
(2) Advantages: relatively tolerant of high temperatures, early fruiting, fast flush turnover, high yield, stable yield, and good quality.
(3) Disadvantages: generally under high temperature, high humidity and insufficient ventilation, the fungus logs are prone to infection by contaminating microorganisms, and the fruiting bodies occur in large numbers, grow fast, have thin flesh, long stalks, and readily open their caps.
(4) Region: suitable for planting in the high-temperature season at low altitudes of 100-500 m, in semi-mountainous and small plain areas, as well as for summer planting in areas of higher altitude.
(5) Season: material can be loaded and fungus logs made in late March and mid-to-late April, then from mid-to-late June the logs can be laid out for colour conversion, fruiting and harvesting.
3. Shiitake mushroom 241-4
(1) Characteristics: it is a medium-low temperature type late-maturing strain. The mycelial growth temperature range is 5-33°C, the more suitable growth temperature is about 25°C, the fruiting temperature is 6-20°C, and the suitable fruiting temperature is 12-15°C.
(2) Advantages: the mycelium has strong stress resistance and wide adaptability, is relatively suitable for spring planting and autumn harvesting, and helps avoid inoculation in the high-temperature seasons of summer and autumn, thereby increasing the inoculation survival rate.
(3) Disadvantages: when the fruiting bodies differentiate, they need stimulation from a day-night temperature difference of 8-10°C or more.
(4) Mixing: wheat bran 0.2 kg per segment, wet material weight per segment above 1.8 kg (15×55cm cultivation bags).
(5) Season: in high mountain areas, planting is from late February to early April; in low mountain areas, planting is from mid-March to late April.