Experience Sharing on Integrated Pest Management for Grapes

1 Dormant period control techniques (November to March). During this period, the pests that were rampant and causing damage stop their activity, and various pests enter the overwintering state in different insect forms and ways, and their overwintering sites are relatively hidden.

1.1 Clearing the orchard. After the grapes shed their leaves, promptly clear away the fallen leaves, dead branches and weeds, gather them together and burn them, to control pests such as the grape ten-spotted leaf beetle, the grape two-spotted leafhopper, the poplar leaf beetle and the grape small leafhopper that overwinter in fallen leaves, dead branches and weeds. 1.2 Combined with pruning, cut off diseased and pest-infested branches and tips. Thoroughly cut off the canes that have been damaged by the grape clearwing moth and have already swollen, the dead and useless branches bearing egg masses of the spotted lanternfly, and the canes where the grape tiger longhorn beetle overwinters, and take the cut diseased and pest-infested branches out of the orchard for centralized disposal. 1.3 Scraping off old coarse bark. After the grapes are unearthed, promptly scrape off the old cracked bark and destroy it in a centralized manner, so as to eliminate the female adult mites of the grape short-whiskered mite that overwinter inside it. On this basis, spray 3-5 degrees Baume lime-sulfur mixture plus 1,000-fold Hailiping solution. At the same time, egg masses of the spotted lanternfly should also be scraped off when found. 1.4 Eliminating overwintering insect forms. Combined with winter soil burial and spring unearthing of grapes, carry out orchard plowing to eliminate the overwintering insect forms of the grape hawk moth, grape tiger moth, brown-banded hawk moth, grape zygaenid moth, etc. 2 Flowering period control techniques (April to May). At this time the new grape shoots have already grown rapidly, and as the temperature gradually rises, the pests that have overwintered begin to become active and cause damage on the new shoots or leaves. The main pests in this period are the grape two-spotted leafhopper, the grape long-whiskered tortrix, the spotted lanternfly, the grape short-whiskered mite, etc. Because some pests prefer to cause damage on young tender parts and the undersides of leaves, chemical control must be thorough and meticulous. 2.1 Picking leaves to kill insects. Taking advantage of the characteristic that the newly hatched larvae of the grape ten-spotted leaf beetle are basically on the lower leaves, pick off the infested leaves and dispose of them in a centralized manner. 2.2 Light and sugar-vinegar solution trapping. Taking advantage of the phototactic habit of the grape hawk moth and the brown-banded hawk moth, set up black light lamps in May to trap and kill the overwintering-generation adults, or set up sugar-vinegar solution basins to trap and kill the grape hawk moth. 2.3 Manual killing. Taking advantage of the death-feigning characteristic of adults such as the poplar leaf beetle, the apple chafer and the small green flower chafer, spread a sheet and shake them down, then kill them in a centralized manner. 2.4 Chemical control. In early May, during the peak hatching period of the spotted lanternfly nymphs, spray conventional pesticides such as 50% dichlorvos emulsifiable concentrate or 40% omethoate emulsifiable concentrate 1-2 times for control. At the same time, it can also control the grape short-whiskered mite, adult grape two-spotted leafhoppers and some nymphs. In late May, during the peak occurrence period of grape two-spotted leafhopper nymphs, spray 20% fenvalerate emulsifiable concentrate 3,000-fold solution + Hailiping 1,000-fold solution, which can also control the grape ten-spotted leaf beetle and late-occurring spotted lanternfly nymphs. 3 Berry enlargement period control techniques (June to July). At this time the grape ovary begins to enlarge and develop into berries, which is also the key period for pest control. The main pests in this period are the grape two-spotted leafhopper, the grape short-whiskered mite, the grape hawk moth, the grape clearwing moth, etc. 3.1 Cutting off infested branches. Promptly cut off and treat branches with insect frass or that have wilted, so as to eliminate newly hatched larvae of the grape clearwing moth and the grape tiger longhorn beetle. For branches not suitable for cutting, use a wire to stab and kill the larvae through the bore holes. At the same time, adults and larvae of the grape hawk moth can be captured and killed. 3.2 Manual killing. Entering early June, the larvae of the grape ten-spotted leaf beetle already have the death-feigning habit, which can be used to shake them down and kill them. 3.3 Light trapping. Setting up black light lamps can trap and kill adults of the grape hawk moth, the grape clearwing moth and the noctuid moths that feed on the berries. 3.4 Chemical control. The suitable control period for the grape short-whiskered mite is before the overwintering mites have all emerged from dormancy but have not yet laid eggs, and the subsequent peak period of reproduction and damage; the suitable control period for the grape hawk moth and the grape ten-spotted leaf beetle is the peak hatching period of the larvae; for the grape tiger moth, the peak hatching period of the first-generation larvae is its suitable control period; the suitable control period for the grape clearwing moth is the peak adult occurrence period and the peak larval occurrence period. 4 Fruit harvest period (August to October)