How to Eliminate the Alternate Bearing Phenomenon in Bayberry Cultivation
General NewsBy Sophie Bennett0 views
Bayberry is a famous characteristic fruit tree of our country, mainly distributed in various places south of the Yangtze River basin, and the latest high-yield techniques have also been widely popularized. 1. Fertilizer and water management: In the current year, annual vegetables or green manure can be intercropped in the woodland to improve soil fertility. Young trees should be given quick-acting fertilizers
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<p>Bayberry is a famous characteristic fruit tree of our country, mainly distributed in various places south of the Yangtze River basin, and the latest high-yield techniques have also been widely popularized.</p><p></p><p>1. Fertilizer and water management: In the current year, annual vegetables or green manure can be intercropped in the woodland to improve soil fertility. Young trees should be given quick-acting fertilizers as the main application, with nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium applied in combination. Adult trees are topdressed twice a year: the first time in late winter and early spring before bud break and shoot emergence, and the second time after fruit harvest, accounting for 50%—55% of the annual fertilizer application. In addition, work such as soil improvement and draining waterlogged areas should be done well to ensure the high quality and high yield of bayberry.</p><p>2. Shaping and pruning: The tree form of bayberry is mainly the natural round-headed shape. Pruning of young trees is mainly for trunk determination and shaping, cultivating an early-fruiting and high-yielding tree body. Generally, a “one trunk and three main branches” natural open-center canopy is used. Pruning of adult trees is mainly to cultivate a high-yielding population structure, regulate the relationship between growth and fruiting, and promote sustained, high-quality, high yield.</p><p>3. Prevention and control of alternate bearing: Bayberry is a typical fruit tree with alternate bearing, regularly fruiting in alternate years. Therefore, overcoming alternate bearing is an important project in bayberry production, and technical measures such as girdling to suppress shoots and promote flowering and fruit retention, and flower and fruit thinning, can be applied for regulation. 1. Girdling to suppress shoots, promote flowering, and retain fruit: The traditional measure for controlling shoots, promoting flowering, and retaining fruit is ring barking or the use of chemical hormones. This method can achieve good short-term benefits, but it causes great harm to tree vigor, and in severe cases can lead to tree death. At present, the widely applied technique is girdling and applying the pollution-free cationic activator “Flower Promoter No. 2”, which controls shoots, promotes flowering, increases the fruit-setting rate, and can eradicate alternate bearing. 2. Large branch pruning: For adult bayberry trees left to grow freely, use the methods of “cutting high branches and controlling the canopy” and “removing inner branches and opening skylights” on the trunk and main branches. For newly planted young trees, the method of “first letting grow, then pruning” can be implemented, that is, allowing free growth in the first year, and gradually adjusting to a dwarfed and open tree form after the 4th year when fruiting begins. 3. Scientific fertilization: More potassium fertilizer should be applied, once a year. Less phosphorus fertilizer should be applied, because too much phosphorus fertilizer often causes many fruits, small size, and poor quality, aggravating the alternate bearing phenomenon. Nitrogen fertilizer should be applied appropriately to promote the expansion of young fruits. Young trees should be appropriately given chemical fertilizers, while adult trees should mainly be given farmyard manure.</p><p>4. Pest and disease control: Bayberry has strong stress resistance and relatively few pests and diseases. The main insect pests include white peach scale, leaf roller moths, and bagworm pests. The main diseases include brown spot disease and crown gall disease. Control methods: 1. Chemical control: For crown gall disease, after rain in spring and autumn, first use a sharp knife to cut off the disease tumors, then apply “Tree Guard General” emulsion to the wounds, so that the disease spots quickly dry up and fall off, eliminating the source of infection; for brown spot disease, in the early stage of disease occurrence, use 50% carbendazim 500—600 times solution or 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times solution or 65% zineb 600 times solution + “New High Lipid Film”, spray the canopy once every 7—10 days, for 2—3 consecutive sprays. 2. Strengthen cultivation management to enhance tree vigor; promptly prune diseased branches and dead branches, and after pruning, promptly apply “Wound Healing and Antiseptic Film” to protect the wounds; 3. Do a good job of winter orchard cleaning, remove fallen leaves and weeds, burn them in a centralized manner, and then spray the whole orchard with “Tree Guard General” 100 times solution for sterilization and disinfection.</p>
Bayberry is a well-known specialty fruit tree in China, mainly distributed across areas south of the Yangtze River basin, and the latest high-yield techniques have now been widely promoted.
1. Fertilizer and water management: In the same year, annual vegetables or green manure can be intercropped in the orchard to improve soil fertility. Young trees should mainly be given quick-acting fertilizers, with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium applied in combination. Mature trees are top-dressed twice a year: the first time in late winter and early spring before buds sprout and shoots emerge, and the second time after fruit harvest, accounting for 50%-55% of the annual fertilizer application. In addition, do a good job of soil improvement and draining accumulated water to ensure high quality and high yield of bayberry.
2. Training and pruning: The tree form of bayberry is mainly the natural round-headed shape. Pruning of young trees is mainly to establish the trunk and shape the tree, cultivating a tree body with early fruiting and high yield. A natural open-center canopy of "one trunk and three main branches" is generally adopted. Pruning of mature trees is mainly to cultivate a high-yielding population structure, regulate the relationship between growth and fruiting, and promote sustained, high-quality, high yield.
3. Control of alternate bearing: Bayberry is a typical fruit tree with alternate bearing, regularly bearing fruit every other year, so overcoming alternate bearing is an important project in bayberry production. Technical measures such as girdling to suppress shoots and promote flowering and fruit retention, as well as flower and fruit thinning, can be applied for regulation. 1. Girdling to suppress shoots, promote flowering and retain fruit: The traditional measure for controlling shoots and promoting flowering and fruit retention is ringing or the use of chemical hormones. This method can achieve good short-term benefits, but it causes great damage to tree vigor, and in severe cases can lead to tree death. At present, the technique of girdling plus applying the pollution-free cationic activator "Flower Promoter No. 2" is widely used to control shoots, promote flowering, increase the fruit-setting rate, and eradicate alternate bearing. 2. Large branch pruning: For neglected mature bayberry trees, the method of "cutting high branches, controlling the canopy" and "removing inner branches, opening skylights" is used on the trunk and main branches. For newly planted young trees, the method of "grow first, prune later" can be implemented, that is, allowing free growth in the first year, and after the fourth year when fruiting begins, gradually adjusting to a dwarfed and open tree form. 3. Scientific fertilization: More potassium fertilizer should be applied, once a year. Less phosphorus fertilizer should be applied, because too much phosphorus fertilizer often results in many fruits, small size and poor quality, aggravating alternate bearing. Appropriate nitrogen fertilizer should be applied to promote the expansion of young fruits. Young trees should be appropriately given chemical fertilizers, while mature trees should mainly be given farmyard manure.
4. Pest and disease control: Bayberry has strong stress resistance and few pests and diseases. The main insect pests include white peach scale, leaf-rolling moths and bagworm pests. The main diseases include brown spot disease and cancer disease. Control methods: 1. Chemical control: For cancer disease, after rain in spring and autumn, first use a sharp knife to cut off the diseased tumors, then apply "Tree Guard General" emulsion to the wounds, so that the diseased spots dry up and fall off quickly, eliminating the source of bacteria; for brown spot disease, in the early stage of the disease, spray the canopy with 50% carbendazim 500-600 times dilution, or 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times dilution, or 65% zineb 600 times dilution + "New High Lipid Film", once every 7-10 days, for 2-3 consecutive sprays. 2. Strengthen cultivation management to enhance tree vigor; promptly prune diseased branches and dead branches, and after pruning, promptly apply "Wound Healing and Antiseptic Film" to protect the wounds; 3. Do a good job of winter orchard cleaning, remove fallen leaves and weeds, burn them in a centralized manner, and then spray the whole orchard with "Tree Guard General" 100 times dilution for sterilization and disinfection.