Detailed Explanation of the Key Points of Rice Dry Seedbed Seedling Cultivation Technology
In recent years, the performance of dry seedbed seedling cultivation and field transplanting by our city's agricultural technology extension center in various townships shows that the rice dry seedbed seedling cultivation technology has the effects of saving labor, saving field, saving water, saving expenditure, being easy to operate, and significantly increasing yield. The main reason for the yield increase is making full use of the advantage of dry seedbed seedlings in starting growth quickly and tillering early, promoting low-position tillering, increasing the effective panicles of rice, and forming large panicles to increase yield. The operation is as follows:
I. Land selection and land preparation
1. In terms of seedling cultivation time, one should grasp the solar terms and cultivate early at the proper time, with a seedling age of 35-45 days and 5 leaves to 6 leaves and one heart.
2. For dry seedbed seedling cultivation, the field should be selected with a low groundwater level, loose soil, medium or above fertility, convenient irrigation and drainage, few weeds, few underground pests, and a wind-sheltered, sunny location.
3. Land preparation: the seedbed surface is 1.4 m to 1.6 m, with high ridges and low beds; the seedling bed should be turned and sun-dried early. More than one week before sowing, apply 10 kg of decomposed finely crushed farmyard manure, 60 g of general calcium, 40 g of urea, or 100 g of rice-specific compound fertilizer (10-10-5) per sq m, plus 5 g of zinc sulfate and 10 g of potassium sulfate. In combination with land preparation and bed making, thoroughly and evenly mix the applied fertilizers with the 10-15 cm topsoil, keep the soil moist, and carry out fertilization.
II. Sowing and film covering
Before sowing, apply 1 g of Dexon per sq m on the seedling bed surface for soil disinfection, use 50-100 g of seed per sq m, lightly press the seeds until the seeds are buried on three sides, then cover the seeds with 1 cm of fine manure soil, water thoroughly, and cover with film. After the seedlings turn green, uncover the film (in case of low temperature, uncovering the film may be appropriately delayed). For seedling fields with more weeds, after covering soil, apply 2.5 g of butachlor per 10 sq m as a 60-fold solution, using 1.5 kg of the preparation.
III. Seedling field management
After the film is uncovered, the first watering should not be too early, and the first watering should be thorough. Generally, if the seedling leaves do not curl and there is dew at the leaf tips, it indicates that the seedlings are not short of water. During the entire seedling cultivation period, the number of waterings should be controlled to prevent excessive seedling growth.
IV. Topdressing
When the seedlings grow to 2 leaves and one heart after the film is uncovered, spray the leaves with a mixed solution containing 0.3% monopotassium phosphate and 0.2% urea, and apply once more after 7 days.
V. Pest and disease control
After emergence, that is, at 3 leaves and one heart, promptly use 25 g of 70% Dexon wettable powder mixed with 30 kg of water for uniform spraying to control rice damping-off disease. If root aphids are found, use 50 mL of 5% imidacloprid emulsifiable concentrate mixed with 50 kg of water for spray or root drenching control. For stem borers, control according to the forecast and prediction of the city plant protection station. One day before transplanting, use 20 g of 75% tricyclazole mixed with 50 kg per mu for spraying to control rice blast.