Pest and Disease Control Methods in Navel Orange Cultivation

Following the general policy of “prevention first, integrated management”, with agricultural control as the foundation, according to the patterns of pest and disease occurrence and development, reasonably applying chemical control, biological control, physical and mechanical control and other measures according to the time and local conditions, economically, safely, effectively and simply controlling pests and diseases.

For agricultural control, rational layout should be adopted to avoid mixed planting with fruit trees that share the same pests and diseases as navel oranges. Strengthen cultivation management to keep the trees vigorous. Promote ventilation and light penetration for both the population and individual trees in the orchard, creating environmental conditions favorable for growth and development while unfavorable for the occurrence of pests and diseases. Reasonably prune and timely remove dead branches, fallen leaves and fallen fruit damaged by pests and diseases to reduce sources of pests and diseases. For biological control, protect and utilize natural enemies, use beneficial organisms to eliminate harmful organisms, and maintain ecological balance.

In chemical control, the use of chemical pesticides should be reduced, environmental pollution should be controlled, and manual pest control should be advocated. Where manual control can be used, pesticide control should not be used; where spot treatment or selective treatment can be used, full spraying should not be carried out. When controlling, pesticides with high efficiency, low toxicity, low residue and low lethality to natural enemies should be selected, used according to the symptoms, and applied reasonably. Pay attention to spray quality, reduce the number of applications, and alternate different pesticides to delay pest and disease resistance.

At present, attention should be paid to controlling canker disease as the main target, while also controlling rust mites, leafminers and navel yellow disease. If there is rainy and low-temperature weather, the control of red and yellow spider mites must also be strengthened.