Pollution-free control techniques for diseases, pests, and weeds in jujube trees
Fully implement the plant protection policy of “giving priority to prevention and comprehensive control&rdquo, base efforts on improving the orchard ecological environment and strengthening cultivation management, give priority to agricultural and ecological regulation measures, pay attention to protecting and utilizing natural enemies, and give full play to the natural control role of natural enemies. Select high-efficiency biological agents and low-toxicity chemical pesticides, pay attention to rotating pesticides, and improve pesticide application techniques. Reduce pesticide dosage to the maximum extent, so as to reduce pollution and residues, keep diseases and pests below the economic threshold, and ensure that jujube fruit quality meets national standards. In short, take agricultural and physical control as the foundation, biological control as the core, and, according to the occurrence patterns of diseases and pests and the economic threshold, scientifically use chemical control techniques to effectively control disease and pest damage.
1. Agricultural control: adopt measures such as pruning diseased and pest-infested branches, clearing dead branches and fallen leaves, scraping off cracked and peeling bark on trunks, turning the tree, covering the ground with straw, and scientific fertilization to suppress the occurrence of diseases and pests.
2. Physical control: according to the biological characteristics of pests, adopt methods such as sugar-vinegar solution, wrapping grass ropes around trunks, vibration-frequency insect-killing lamps, and blacklight lamps to trap and kill pests.
3. Biological control: artificially release Trichogramma, protect natural enemies such as ladybugs, lacewings, and predatory mites, apply Beauveria bassiana to the soil to control peach fruit borer, jujube geometrid, and jujube leaf roller, and use insect sex pheromones to trap and kill adults or interfere with their mating.
4. Chemical control
(1) Principles of pesticide use: according to the biological characteristics and damage characteristics of the control target, biological-source pesticides, mineral-source pesticides, and low-toxicity organic synthetic pesticides are allowed, moderately toxic pesticides are used to a limited extent, and highly toxic, high-toxicity, and high-residue pesticides are prohibited.
(2) Scientifically and rationally use pesticides: strengthen forecasting and prediction of diseases and pests, apply pesticides at the right time in a targeted manner, and do not apply pesticides when the control threshold has not been reached or when the ratio of beneficial insects to pests is reasonable.
Strictly use pesticides according to the specified pesticide types, concentrations, number of applications, intervals, and so on, and do not use pesticides that have not been approved for registration.
According to the occurrence characteristics of natural enemies, rationally select pesticide types, application time, and application methods to protect natural enemies. Pay attention to alternating use and rational mixing of pesticides with different mechanisms of action, so as to delay the development of resistance in pathogens and pests and improve control effects.
Adhere to the correct methods of pesticide use, and strive for uniform and thorough application.