Angelica dahurica Cultivation Experience and Key Planting Techniques
This spring and summer, the nationwide climate has been abnormal, with large areas affected by drought and long duration. Angelica dahurica production has been affected to some extent. Currently, the market supply of new goods is low, and most of the supply has been purchased by medicine dealers in the production areas. The movement of old stock has also turned from sluggish to smooth. Angelica dahurica prefers a warm and humid climate and an environment with ample sunlight. Its main root grows deep and long, so it requires soil with deep, loose, fertile, well-drained sandy loam, and it can be continuously cropped.
I. Planting Techniques:
1. Land preparation and sowing: Deeply plow the soil more than 30 cm. While preparing the land, apply 2500 kg of compost per mu and plow it into the soil as base fertilizer. Level and rake finely to make high beds 1.3 m wide, and open drainage ditches around them.
2. Sowing: Sow from early September to late October, preferably after End of Heat and before White Dew. Direct sowing is preferable, and hole sowing is preferred for direct sowing. Dig holes at a row spacing of 30-35 cm and a plant spacing of 23-27 cm, with a hole depth of 8-10 cm. Loosen and level the bottom of the holes, then apply an appropriate amount of burned soil ash mixed evenly with human and animal manure as base fertilizer, about 250-300 kg per mu. For hole sowing, use about 1.5 kg of seed per mu; drilling or broadcasting may also be used. For drilling, the row spacing is about 30 cm, the furrow width is 10 cm, and the depth is 7-9 cm. Mix the seeds with burned soil ash and sow them evenly into the furrows. For drilling, use about 2 kg of seed per mu. After hole sowing or drilling, immediately water once with dilute human and animal manure water, and cover all with burned soil ash, just enough to hide the seeds. After steaming, cover the bed surface with grass and keep it moist for 15-20 days, after which they will germinate and emerge.
II. Field Management:
1. Cultivation, weeding, and thinning. In the year of emergence, start thinning when the seedlings are about 5 cm tall. For the first thinning, keep 5-7 small seedlings per hole for hole sowing, and keep 1 small seedling every 3-5 cm for drilling. When the seedlings are about 10 cm tall, carry out the second thinning, keeping 3-5 small seedlings per hole for hole sowing and 1 small seedling every 7-9 cm for drilling. In late February of the following early spring, carry out the final thinning, that is, final stand setting: keep 3 plants per hole for hole sowing in a triangular arrangement, and keep 1 plant every 10-15 cm for drilling. Set the stand by keeping the small and pulling out the large, to avoid excessive growth of Angelica dahurica and bolting and flowering. After each thinning, combine with one cultivation and weeding.
2. Topdressing. Generally topdress 4 times. The first and second times are carried out together with thinning, applying 1500 kg of dilute human and animal manure water per mu each time. The third time is after final stand setting, applying about 2500 kg of human and animal manure water per mu plus 30 kg of superphosphate. The fourth time is after Qingming, applying 3000 kg of human and animal manure water per mu plus 150 jin of burned soil ash, broadcast on the bed surface and covered with soil after application.
3. Drainage and irrigation. Keep the field soil moist, and irrigate promptly during drought. Drain promptly when there is excessive rain.
4. Remove bolting plants: In May-June of the following year after sowing Angelica dahurica, a few plants grow too vigorously and are about to bolt and flower, so they should be pulled out promptly.