How to cultivate Polyporus umbellatus? Detailed explanation of cultivation management measures

(1) Temperature management:

Polyporus umbellatus, as a fungus, forms a parasitic and anti-parasitic relationship, or symbiotic relationship, with Armillaria mellea, which basically determines their similar habits. Generally, when the temperature reaches above 12°C, both begin to germinate; when it reaches 14°C, Polyporus umbellatus begins to swell and grow, and Armillaria mellea can then enter a normal growth and metabolism stage; thereafter, as the temperature rises, such as reaching above 26°C, the growth of both is inhibited, and at 30°C, they enter high-temperature dormancy. Based on this characteristic, reasonable regulation can be carried out, such as appropriate watering to cool down, shading to cool down, etc.

Practice shows that shading to cool down has an excellent promoting effect on the growth of Polyporus umbellatus, so when selecting a cultivation site in the wild, it must be under tree shade. However, even on barren hills or bare ground, methods such as building shade sheds and planting long-vine plants can also be used for shading. In short, there are many methods; as long as reasonable design and operation are carried out according to specific conditions, controlling the temperature in the soil layer where Polyporus umbellatus grows below 28°C can meet its growth needs. This is summer management. In winter and spring, appropriate covering with straw mats, firewood, straw, or building plastic film over the cultivation ditch should be used for warming. Any method is acceptable; the purpose is to increase and maintain temperature. As long as the soil layer remains above 12°C, Polyporus umbellatus can grow slowly. Take care not to let the temperature drop below 8°C (it does not die at minus 20 degrees), so as to maximize the growth time of Polyporus umbellatus. (2) Water management:

Sclerotium seeds or spawn, etc., will inevitably be subjected to certain external impacts, rubbing, etc. during transportation and handling, resulting in wounded sowing. Under normal conditions, wound healing takes about 5 days. Therefore, do not water immediately after sowing; only after about one week can thorough watering be done. After that, according to soil conditions and climate conditions, water about once every 7-10 days to keep the sandy soil moist; the moisture content of sandy soil is generally between 30% and 40%. Note that at the turn of spring and summer, if there are dry hot winds, severe drought weather, etc., the watering frequency should be increased, and thorough irrigation should be done at least once a month. Otherwise, excessive dryness will cause Armillaria mellea rhizomorphs to grow slowly, decline in vitality, or die. (3) Protection management: First, shading management. The main functions of shading are, first, cooling, and second, preventing excessive evaporation and loss of water. If cultivated indoors, there is no shading problem. However, when cultivating on hillsides, in orchards, and on flat land, shading measures must be taken. The main methods are: relying on the shade of existing trees, planting long-vine plants on trellises for shade, using straw, weeds, etc. for shade after building trellises, planting grass turf, and directly covering straw, firewood, etc. over the cultivation ditch. Second, water storage and drainage. When cultivating Polyporus umbellatus in the wild, especially on hillsides, during spring drought, the downstream direction of the cultivation pit (ditch) should be slightly raised to facilitate water retention and use. But when rainwater is frequent and rainfall is heavy during the flood season, the cultivation pit should be slightly raised to avoid water accumulation. Third, the growth process of Polyporus umbellatus is the expansion process of its sclerotium, which requires corresponding soil aeration. Therefore, trampling by people and livestock should be prevented, especially trampling by large livestock, which will cause the cultivation pit to sink, not only destroying the micro-environment for the growth of Polyporus umbellatus but also causing it to become concave and accumulate water.

(4) Ventilation management:

This management item is mainly aimed at places such as basements and air-raid shelters. The biggest shortcoming of such places is poor ventilation and high and stable humidity. Therefore, regular ventilation should be carried out. Especially in summer, during hot and humid seasons, ventilation and air exchange not only remove waste gases such as carbon dioxide but also reduce humidity, thereby creating good conditions for the growth of Polyporus umbellatus.