Five Key Technical Measures for Newly Planted Peach Trees to Set Fruit in the Same Year
1. Reasonable close planting. Using a planting density of 1 m × 1 m, 1 m × 1.25 m or 0.8 m × 1 m can produce sufficient branch volume and flower quantity in the same year, and a relatively high yield the following year; after the canopy closes, carry out reasonable thinning.
2. Fertilizer and soil management. Before planting, dig a planting trench 70-80 cm deep. When digging the trench, keep the subsoil and topsoil separate. First place 10-15 cm of grass chaff at the bottom of the trench, then add 10 cm of topsoil, and on top of that apply 50 kg of organic fertilizer per mu and 5 kg of diammonium phosphate mixed with soil, fill level and water, to ensure sufficient nutrition. After planting in mid-to-late March, cover with plastic film to keep warm and promote growth.
3. Pinching back multiple times. For excessive branches that appear during peach tree growth, promptly remove buds and pinch back to promote secondary branches, and train the tree into a central-leader standard tree form. When the secondary branches grow to 20 cm, pinch them back again to promote tertiary branches.
4. Controlling growth. Generally, from late June to early July, phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers can be applied to promote flower bud differentiation. However, when the secondary branches grow to 0.25-0.3 m, spray the leaves with 15% paclobutrazol 300-fold wettable powder, applying it quantitatively and evenly; in particular, the growing tips at the top of new shoots must be sprayed thoroughly, so as to appropriately control growth.
5. Disease prevention and pest control. On the basis of reasonable shaping and pruning and ensuring ventilation and light penetration in the tree canopy, prune out diseased fruit, diseased leaves and diseased branches. Before bud break, spray once with 4-5 degree lime sulfur mixture. When pests occur, targeted spraying of 2500-fold Mieshaoli or 3000-fold Emianling can be used to control leaf roller moths, red spiders, stink bugs, etc.