What should you pay attention to when introducing pear tree varieties? Remember these four points

In recent years, in the course of agricultural structural adjustment, Haimen City, Jiangsu Province, has taken pear tree cultivation as an important lever for becoming prosperous, promoting the planting of more than 8,000 mu of high-quality pears and achieving good returns. In pear tree cultivation, variety introduction is key. According to the experience of Haimen City, pear tree introduction should pay attention to the following four aspects:

1. Select varieties suited to the site according to local conditions. Pear tree introduction must be adapted to the local climate. Because Haimen City is located along the river and coast, with relatively high annual precipitation and certain climatic peculiarities, including late spring cold in early spring, continuous spring rain, plum rains in summer, and tropical storms in summer and autumn, the following factors must be considered when introducing and planting pear trees: First, varieties that are not tolerant of moisture should not be chosen, such as the common pear, white pear, and Ussurian pear; Second, varieties with poor disease resistance should not be chosen, because of the local high temperature and abundant rain, diseases occur relatively easily, especially pear scab and pear rust, so caution is needed in introduction and planting with varieties susceptible to these diseases; Third, choose varieties with strong cold resistance to prevent late spring cold from freezing damage to pear flower buds; Fourth, shelterbelts must be set up in pear orchard plots to reduce the impact of strong storms on the orchard and enhance assimilation.

2. Introduce high-benefit varieties according to the times. New pear tree varieties are now being renewed relatively quickly, so it is necessary to promptly understand the latest developments in new pear tree varieties at home and abroad and introduce excellent varieties suitable for growth, but blind action must be avoided, and trial and demonstration work for new varieties should be done well. Whether moving southern varieties northward or northern varieties southward, appropriate trials must be carried out, and conditions suitable for pear tree growth must be created, such as plastic tunnel covering; only after the trial succeeds can promotion be carried out, otherwise the effort is doubled while the result is halved. For example, in 2002, a fruit grower in Shuxun Town, Haimen City, saw that Red Fuji apples grown in the north had good returns and, without carrying out introduction trials, blindly introduced and planted them, and the result was failure.

3. Reasonably match pear tree varieties. In the process of pear tree introduction, attention must be paid to reasonable matching of pear trees. On the one hand, attention must be paid to matching maturity periods, combining early, middle, and late maturing varieties, and it is suggested that the proportion of early, middle, and late varieties be: early-maturing pears 50%, mid-maturing pears 30%, late-maturing pears 20%. On the other hand, attention must be paid to matching pollinizer trees. For example, when mainly planting Niitaka pear, Housui pear can be used as a pollinizer tree, but Niitaka pear has relatively little pollen, so appropriate other pollen-rich varieties such as Huanghua pear must be added to complete mutual pollination; otherwise Housui pear will have no yield because cross-pollination cannot be completed.

4. Select new pear tree varieties suitable for planting. After many years of trials and variety comparisons, the pear tree varieties with better adaptability in Haimen City are mainly new varieties of the sand pear system introduced from Japan and South Korea: for example, new varieties introduced from Japan such as Housui, Shinsui, Kosui, Niitaka, Aikansui, Shinsei, and Atago pear; and new varieties introduced from South Korea such as Daguo Crystal Pear, Huangjin Pear, Early Gold, and Qiuhuang. Some of China's own varieties are also suitable for growth in Haimen City, such as Cuiguan pear, Huanghua pear, and Emerald, all of which are good choices.