What are the pest control techniques during lemon cultivation?

Pineapple is a perennial evergreen herbaceous plant of the Bromeliaceae family, and each plant bears only one fruit at its center. Its fruit is cylindrical, formed by the aggregation of many ovaries and the flower axis, and is a compound fruit. The pineapple rind has numerous flower parts (commonly known as fruit eyes or pineapple nails), which are hard and prickly and must be peeled and removed before eating. Pineapple has three fruiting periods a year, and the best quality is those ripening from March to August. For fresh eating, the best ones are those with fresh fruit color, a well-formed shape, a firm body, and about 80% ripeness. Common pineapple varieties include the Shenwan variety, the Bali variety, and the Sarawak variety, and in recent years the “sugar-heart pineapple” carefully cultivated by Guangzhou fruit farmers is the best.

From September to October, lemons enter the second peak occurrence period of the pest red (yellow) spider. The control techniques are introduced below. According to reports, the reasons lemon trees are harmed by red (yellow) spiders are: first, poor early control and improper pesticide use, so the pesticide efficacy did not achieve a control effect; second, some fruit farmers are not highly motivated to control it, are unfamiliar with the techniques, or do not control it at all. Red (yellow) spiders have two high-incidence periods a year, one from March to May, and the other from September to October. During random inspections in orchards, control should be carried out when the pest density on each leaf reaches more than 2 red (yellow) spiders. For control, using the same pesticide in the same orchard only 1-2 times gives the best effect; otherwise, pesticide efficacy will be reduced and costs will increase. At present, there are hundreds of pesticides on the market for controlling red (yellow) spiders, and dozens of them have largely similar chemical compositions, so pesticides should be used alternately or in rotation. The pesticides propargite and hexythiazox have a relatively long duration of efficacy.

Control techniques should require achieving: “early, small, few.” “Early” means the control time should be early. After pests are found, pesticide should be applied promptly; “small” means control should be carried out when the pests are young, and must not be delayed; “few” means when the number of pests is small, pesticide should be used to kill the pests so that they cannot reproduce. When applying pesticide, it must be uniform and thorough. The whole plant should be sprayed, without omissions. Pesticides must be applied differently according to pests of different “ages,” and should be used alternately or in rotation, so that a good control effect can be obtained.