How to Grow Black Peanuts? A Complete Guide to Scientific Cultivation Techniques
Black peanut is a type of colored peanut. Black peanut, also known as selenium-enriched black peanut or black-seed peanut.
It is an early-maturing, large-seeded peanut, with a full growing period of about 130 days for spring sowing and about 110 days for summer sowing. It grows steadily and generally does not become leggy, with dark green leaves tinged with black, a plant height of 45 cm, and high resistance to lodging. It produces many consecutive flowers and has a high pod-setting rate, with a yield of about 450 kg per mu; if film-mulched cultivation in protected conditions is adopted, the yield can reach 500 kg per mu.
Black peanut has strong drought resistance and disease resistance, and is suitable for planting in sandy loam soil with medium or higher fertility. It can be sown in spring or summer. In northern regions, it can be directly sown after wheat harvest by seizing the stubble. The usual sowing rate is 9000-10000 hills per mu, with 2-3 seeds per hill. For cultivation methods and other management measures, refer to local peanut varieties.
1. Black peanut has no strict soil requirements. It is suitable for planting in various soils with a pH of 5.5-7.2, and is best planted in soil with a deep soil layer, active plow layer, good soil properties, and good drainage.
2. The plot for planting black peanut should be deep plowed 25-30 cm, and 2500-3000 kg of farmyard manure per mu should be applied in combination with winter plowing. At the Spring Equinox the following year, begin shallow plowing 10-13 cm. Plowing should be followed immediately by harrowing to preserve soil moisture. Sowing can begin when the soil temperature at a depth of 5 cm stabilizes above 15°C. Before sowing, seed treatment with chemicals is required: 100 g of 50% phoxim mixed with 50 kg of seed can prevent insect pests; 150-250 g of 40%-50% carbendazim mixed with 50 kg of seed can control stem rot.
3. Black peanut requires ridge planting. Ridge planting can deepen the active soil layer, allow the soil to receive light on three sides, raise soil temperature, and facilitate peg penetration into the soil and pod growth and development. Sow in single rows, with a plant spacing of about 20 cm, and apply 50-100 kg of peanut-specific fertilizer per mu when forming ridges. Form ridges and sow immediately. According to soil conditions, plant 8000-11000 plants per mu. It is best to use plastic film mulching for planting. The ridge height should preferably be 10-12 cm; if too high, the ridge surface is not easy to keep wide, and when covering with film the lower edge of the ridge slope cannot be tightly covered and pressed firm, so the film is easily blown off by wind; if too low, it is not conducive to drainage.
4. Within 1-2 days after peanut sowing, spray herbicide to carry out soil-closed weed control. Black peanut is a type of colored peanut.